Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology Plus Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133910605
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 4MC
Which of the following statements about mutations is False?
- a. Mutations at a given chromosomal site are rare.
- b. The genomes of most people contain some mutant alleles that are present in neither parent.
- c. Mutations are the ultimate source of genetic variability.
- d. Beneficial mutations are more likely to occur when an organism’s needs change.
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Which of the following statements about genes is incorrect?
Select one:
O a. During fertilization, both the sperm and the ovum contribute genes to the resulting fertilized egg.
b. Genetic differences can result from changes in the DNA called mutations.
O c. Genes correspond to segments of DNA.
d. Under normal circumstances, each chromosome contains precisely one gene.
e. Many genes contain the information needed for cells to synthesize enzymes and other proteins.
With regard to human cancer cells, which of the following statements is true?
A. Cancer cells within one tumor usually do not share common mutations
B. Cancer cells generally have lost the ability to divide
C. Oncogenes are non-human genes not related to normal genes in the human genome
D. Mutations in DNA repair genes result in an increased chance of getting cancer.
Are the following examples a description of genetics at the molecular, cellular, organismal, or populational level?
A. People with cystic fibrosis have lung problems due to a buildup of mucus in their lungs
B. The mutant CF gene encodes a chloride transporter that doesn't
transport chloride ions very well.
C. A defect in the chloride transporter causes a salt imbalance in lung cells.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology Plus Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (11th Edition)
Ch. 16.1 - define evolution in terms of concepts from...Ch. 16.1 - define equilibrium population and describe the...Ch. 16.2 - Evolution of a Menace The mutant alleles that...Ch. 16.2 - describe how mutation, gene flow, genetic drift,...Ch. 16.2 - A flu vaccination stimulates your immune system to...Ch. 16.2 - If it were true that mutations do occur in...Ch. 16.2 - Explain how the distribution of genotypes in...Ch. 16.2 - If a population grows large again after a...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 4TCCh. 16.3 - describe why selection of phenotypes can affect...
Ch. 16.3 - A team of phys clans treated four patients with...Ch. 16.3 - If we studied a population of bighorn sheep and...Ch. 16.3 - explain how competition and predation influence...Ch. 16.3 - When selection is directional, is there any limit...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 16.3 - Microbiologists have discovered that alleles...Ch. 16.3 - compare and contrast directional selection,...Ch. 16 - In North America, the average height of adult...Ch. 16 - The ______ provides a simple mathematical model...Ch. 16 - The alleles responsible for antibiotic resistance...Ch. 16 - What is a gene pool? How would you determine the...Ch. 16 - By the 1940s, the whooping crane population had...Ch. 16 - Different versions of the same gene are called...Ch. 16 - Stabilizing selection on a trait tends to a. make...Ch. 16 - Define equilibrium population. Outline the...Ch. 16 - An organisms ______ refers to the specific alleles...Ch. 16 - An adaptation is a. any trait that arises from a...Ch. 16 - How does population size affect the likelihood of...Ch. 16 - A random form of evolution is called ________....Ch. 16 - Which of the following statements about mutations...Ch. 16 - If you measured the allele frequencies of a gene...Ch. 16 - Competition is most Intense between members of...Ch. 16 - Genetic drift occurs a. when different phenotypes...Ch. 16 - People like to say that you cant prove a negative....Ch. 16 - The evolutionary fitness of an organism is...Ch. 16 - Describe the three ways in which natural selection...Ch. 16 - What is sexual selection? How is sexual selection...
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- Which of the following is true regarding understanding the results of genetic testing? A. If the test shows that you have the allele for a genetic disorder, you may be able to reduce your risk of developing that disorder with lifestyle changes. B. If the test shows that you have the allele for a genetic disorder, you will, eventually, show symptoms of that disorder. C. Because we know the functions of all the genes in the human genome, genetic tests can give you complete and accurate information regarding your medical health. D. If the test shows that you do not carry the allele for a particular disorder, there is no chance that you will get that disorder.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true about the effects of mutations in somatic cells and gametes? A. Only mutations in gametes can affect future generations. B. Only mutations in somatic cells can affect future generations. C. Neither mutations in somatic cells or gametes can affect future generations. D. Mutations in both somatic cells and gametes can affect future generations.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about the differential expression of human genes is correct? A. Differential expression does not occur during embryogenesis (development of the embryo). B. The unused genes in differentiated cells no longer retain the potential to be expressed. C. Gene expression patterns of all cells are identical. D. Every cell nucleus contains the complete genome established in the fertilized egg.arrow_forward
- In general, all mutations can be considered harmful, because most genetic systems are already optimized to work correctly and efficiently. A. True b. False; mutations are considered harmful only if they have a direct effect on the ability of cells to synthesize DNA c. False; some mutations are harmful, and some are considered beneficialarrow_forwardWhich of the following is false? a. The color of a fruit fly's eyes is a trait. b. The instructions for producing a trait are found in a gene that controls the physical expression of that trait. c. A gene can have different alleles that can specify different traits, such as red or brown eye color. d. The trait is influenced by the gene, independent of the environment. e. By studying the patterns of traits over generations of an organism, the genetic composition of an organism can be deduced.arrow_forwardMost of the genetic information we will get from our genome will not be hard evidence that we will or we won’t get a disease but is rather only probabilistic evidence. a. What does this mean? b. Why might knowing a single gene not tell you if you will get a particular condition?arrow_forward
- Please answer fast Which statement about genetic mutations is true? A. Most mutations do not cause changes to an organism’s fitness but will always affect the carrier individual’s physical traits. B. Many genetic mutations are neutral, and do not affect fitness. C. Mutations always create individuals with unique phenotypes, which are either desirable or undesirable in their environment. D. All mutations are fatal to the carrier organism.arrow_forwardOne unexpected result of the sequencing of the human genome was the finding that mutations in a single gene can be responsible for multiple distinct disorders. How do you think mutations in a single gene can have such diverse effects?arrow_forwardWhich statement(s) below regarding DNA mutations is true: A. Mutations only occur in genes B. Mutations always result in phenotypic alterations C. Mutations are only induced by extrinsic (environmental) factors D. Mutations can occur in promoters E. Point mutations can be caused by transposons or “jumping genes”arrow_forward
- Sickle cell anemia is a disease caused by a mutation at the genotypic level. A person with two copies of the gene has the disease, but a person with one copy of the gene does not have the disease. The diagram shows how this mutation affects an organism. Use the image to answer the question. The mutation causes the deformity of the red blood cell, the component of blood that carries oxygen throughout the body. The deformed cells can clump together and can clog blood vessels. The parasites responsible for the sickle cell condition are killed in the deformed red blood cells. In which type of environment would carriers of the disease be naturally selected for? A. low altitude B. high altitude C. low population of parasites D. high population of parasitesarrow_forwardGene expression is a term that relates to Select one: A. DNA replication. B. the flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins. C. how genes are passed from parent to offspring. D. the unique set of genes in an individual.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about molecular markersare true?A. All molecular markers are segments of DNA that carryspecific genes.B. A molecular marker is a segment of DNA that is found at aspecific location in a genome.C. We can follow the transmission of a molecular marker byanalyzing the phenotype (i.e., the physical characteristics)of offspring.D. We can follow the transmission of molecular markers usingmolecular techniques such as gel electrophoresis.E. An STS is a molecular marker.arrow_forward
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Genetic Variation and Mutation | 9-1 GCSE Science Biology | OCR, AQA, Edexcel; Author: SnapRevise;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bLP8udGGfHU;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY