Interpretation:
The structure of B is to be determined with the help of given information.
Concept introduction:
Electrophiles are electron deficient species that have positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles that accept electron pair.
Nucleophiles are electron rich species that have negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles that donate electron pair.
Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has unpaired electrons, which makes it highly chemically reactive.
Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.
Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.
Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is one of the most capable analytical techniques used for determining the
Few elements, such as
In
Induced magnetic field consists of electricity generated from movement in a magnetic field.
Any signal’s position on the X-axis in the
The number of signals in
The area covered by the signal is proportional to the number of equivalent protons causing the signal.
The hydrogen atom on adjacent carbon atoms splits the peak into two or more peaks. One, two, and three hydrogen atoms split the peak into two, three and four peaks, which further, is referred to as doublet, triplet or quartet.
The decrease in the electron density around a proton deshields the signal downfield at a larger value of chemical shift.
The increase in electron density shields the signal upfield at a lower value of chemical shift.
Infrared spectroscopy is a simple, instrumental technique, which helps to determine the presence of various functional groups.
It depends on the interactions of atoms or molecules with the electromagnetic radiation.
Infrared spectroscopy is most commonly used in the identification of the structure of the compound.
Infrared spectroscopy is the examination of the infrared light interacting with a molecule. The examination can be done in three ways, that is, by measuring absorption, emission, and reflection, and it can also measure the vibration of atoms.
Ozonization is a method used for the oxidative degradation of lignin. Ozone is used as an oxidant. It cleaves the carbon-carbon bonds of aromatic ring.
Sodium borohydride is used as a reducing agent.
Sodium borohydride causes reduction of aldehyde into alcohol
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 15 Solutions
Organic Chemistry, 12e Study Guide/Student Solutions Manual
- Following are the steps in the industrial synthesis of glycerin. Provide structures for all intermediate compounds (AD) and describe the type of mechanism by which each is formed.arrow_forwardThe insecticide DDT is prepared by the following route. Suggest a mechanism for this reaction. The abbreviation DDT is derived from the common name dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane.arrow_forwardThe compound eutypine is an antibacterial agent isolated from the fungus Eutypa lata. This fungus results in a disease common to vineyards called eutyposis. Give a sequence of reactions that will take the following reactant and give eutypine when the other reactants used in the sequence are acetylene and acetone.arrow_forward
- Give the reaction conditions which could be used to bring about the transformation shown in two stepsarrow_forward3) Draw equations of the following reactions and and explain to which direction is the respective quillibrium shifted. a) cyclohexylamine + water b) aniline + sulphuric acid c) triethylamine + acetic acidarrow_forwardDepending on the reaction conditions, two different imines of formula C8H9N mightbe formed by the reaction of benzaldehyde with methylamine. Explain, and give thestructures of the two imines.arrow_forward
- The following two isomeric ketones were among the 68 compounds isolated from the steam-distilled volatile oil of fresh and air-dried marijuana buds (J. Nat. Prod. 1996, 59, 49–51). Propose a separate synthesis for each of these two compounds using only disubstituted alkenes containing four carbon atoms as starting materials.arrow_forwardthe synthesis of toluene by the aluminum chloride catalyzed friedel crafts alkylation of benzene with methyl chloride is badly complicated by the formation of multi methylated benzenes. Please explain why in detailarrow_forwardwhat is a reasonable synthesis for each of the following compounds from the indicated starting materials and any other reagents?arrow_forward
- 3.) For the following reaction scheme, identify by drawing the reagents b and d and the intermediatec that are formed in the synthesis of benzoic acid. b d Benzene HO.arrow_forwardThe following two isomeric ketones were among the 68 compounds isolated from the steam-distilled volatile oil of fresh and air-dried marijuana buds (J. Nat. Prod. 1996, 59, 49–51). Propose a separate synthesis for each of these two compounds using only disubstituted alkenes containing four carbon atoms as starting materials.arrow_forwardPropose a feasible synthesis for diphenylacetylene from bromobenzene. Draw the reaction scheme and briefly describe the reaction.arrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage LearningMacroscale and Microscale Organic ExperimentsChemistryISBN:9781305577190Author:Kenneth L. Williamson, Katherine M. MastersPublisher:Brooks Cole