Chapter 1.3, Problem 5P

Acrylamide, H2C=CHCONH2, is a known neurotoxin and possible carcinogen. It was a shock to all consumers of potato chips and french fries a few years ago when it was found to occur in those products. (a) Sketch the molecular structure of acrylamide and identify all bond angles. (b) Indicate which carbon-carbon bond is the stronger of the two. (c) Is the molecule polar or nonpolar? (d) The amount of acrylamide found in potato chips is 1.7 mg/kg. If a serving of potato chips is 28 g, how many moles of acrylamide are you consuming?

Each compound contains both ions and covalent bonds. Draw the Lewis structure for each compound. Show with dashes which are covalent bonds and show with charges which are ions. (a) Sodium methoxide, CH3ONa (b) Ammonium chloride, NH4Cl (c) Sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3 (d) Sodium borohydride, NaBH4 (e) Lithium aluminum hydride, LiAlH4

3-78 Nitrous oxide, N20, laughing gas, is a colorless, nontoxic, tasteless, and odorless gas. It is used as an inhalation anesthetic in dental and other surgeries. Because nitrous oxide is soluble in vegetable oils (fats), it is used commercially as a propellant in whipped toppings Nitrous oxide dissolves in fats. The gas is added under pressure to cans of whipped topping. When the valve is opened, the gas expands, thus expanding (whipping) the topping and forcing it out of the can. (a) How many valence electrons are present in a molecule of N20? (b) Write two equivalent contributing structures for this molecule. The connectivity in nitrous oxide is NNO. (c) Explain why the following is not an acceptable contributing structure: