Principles of Modern Chemistry
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079113
Author: David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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- When one mole of ethylene gas, C2H4, reacts with fluorine gas, hydrogen fluoride and carbon tetrafluoride gases are formed and 2496.7 kJ of heat are given off. What is Hf for CF4(g)?arrow_forwardWater gas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, is produced by treating carbon (in the form of coke or coal) with steam at high temperatures. (See Study Question 83.) C(s) + H2O(g) CO(g) + H2(g) Not all of the carbon available is converted to water gas since some is burned to provide the heat for the endothermic reaction of carbon and water. What mass of carbon must be burned (to CO2 gas) to provide the energy to convert 1.00 kg of carbon to water gas?arrow_forwardNitrogen monoxide, a gas recently found to be involved in a wide range of biological processes, reacts with oxygen to give brown NO2 gas. 2 NO(g) + O2(g) NO2(g)rH = 114.1 kJ/mol-rxn Is this reaction endothermic or exothermic? What is the enthalpy change if 1.25 g of NO is converted completely to NO2?arrow_forward
- A _________ is a device used to determine the heat associated with a chemical reaction.arrow_forwardFor each of the following reactions, the enthalpy change given is that measured when the numbers of moles of reactants and products taking part in the reaction are as given by their coefficients in the equation. Calculate the enthalpy change when 1.00 gram of the underlined substance is consumed or produced. Ca(s)+Br2(l)CaBr2(s)H=683kJ 6Fe2O3(s)4Fe3O4(s)+O2(g)H=+472kJ 2NaHSO4(s)2NaOH(s)+2SO2(g)+O2(g)H=+806kJarrow_forwardGraphite is burned in oxygen to give carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. If the product mixture is 33% CO and 67% CO2 by mass, what is the heat from the combustion of 1.00 g of graphite?arrow_forward
- Insoluble AgCl(s) precipitates when solutions of AgNO3(aq) and NaCl(aq) are mixed. AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq) rH = ? To measure the energy evolved in this reaction, 250. mL of 0.16 M AgNO3(aq) and 125 mL of 0.32 M NaCl(aq) are mixed in a coffee-cup calorimeter. The temperature of the mixture rises from 21.15 C to 22.90 C. Calculate the enthalpy change for the precipitation of AgCl(s), in kJ/mol. (Assume the density of the solution is 1.0 g/mL and its specific heat capacity is 4.2 J/g K.)arrow_forwardEnthalpy a A 100.-g sample of water is placed in an insulated container and allowed to come to room temperature at 21C. To heat the water sample to 41C, how much heat must you add to it? b Consider the hypothetical reaction,2X(aq)+Y(l)X2Y(aq)being run in an insulated container that contains 100. g of solution. If the temperature of the solution changes from 21C to 31C, how much heat does the chemical reaction produce? How does this answer compare with that in part a? (You can assume that this solution is so dilute that it has the same heat capacity as pure water.) c If you wanted the temperature of 100. g of this solution to increase from 21C to 51C, how much heat would you have to add to it? (Try to answer this question without using a formula.) d If you had added 0.02 mol of X and 0.01 mol of Y to form the solution in part b, how many moles of X and Y would you need to bring about the temperature change described in part c. e Judging on the basis of your answers so far, what is the enthalpy of the reaction 2X(aq) + Y(l) X2Y(aq)?arrow_forwardDefine each of the following terms: a. heat b. energy c. work d. system e. surroundings f. exothermic reaction g. endothermic reaction h. enthalpy of reaction i. kinetic energy j. potential energyarrow_forward
- What mass of acetylene, C2H2(g), must be burned to produce 3420 kJ of heat, given that its enthalpy of combustion is 1301 kJ/mol? Compare this with the answer to Exercise 5.91 and determine which substance produces more heat per gram.arrow_forwardAlthough the gas used in an oxyacetylene torch (Figure 5.7) is essentially pure acetylene, the heat produced by combustion of one mole of acetylene in such a torch is likely not equal to the enthalpy of combustion of acetylene listed in Table 5.2. Considering the conditions for which the tabulated data are reported, suggest an explanation.arrow_forwardInsoluble PbBr2(s) precipitates when solutions of Pb(NO3)2(aq) and NaBr(aq) are mixed. Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 NaBr(aq) PbBr2(s) + 2 NaNO3(aq) rH = ? To measure the enthalpy change, 200. mL. of 0.75 M Pb(NO3)2(aq) and 200. mL of 1.5 M NaBr(aq) are mixed in a coffee-cup calorimeter. The temperature of the mixture rises by 2.44 C. Calculate the enthalpy change for the precipitation of PbBr2(s), in kJ/mol. (Assume the density of the solution is 1.0 g/mL., and its specific heat capacity is 4.2 J/g K.)arrow_forward
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