Chapter 10, Problem 2MITC

Alan has been smoking for the past 20 years and has been experiencing some shortness of breath and a cough. His physician, Dr. Anthony, sees him. The physician orders a lung capacity test and a chest X-ray. What is the principal cause of emphysema?

Mr. Whaley is a 65-year-old man with a history of COPD who presents to his primary care provider’s (PCP) office complaining of a productive cough off and on for 2 years and shortness of breath for the last 3 days. He reports that he has had several chest colds in the last few years, but this time it won’t go away.  His wife says he has been feverish for a few days, but doesn’t have a specific temperature to report. He reports smoking a pack of cigarettes a day for 25 years plus the occasional cigar. Upon further assessment, Mr. Whaley has crackles throughout the lower lobes of his lungs, with occasional expiratory wheezes throughout the lung fields. His vital signs are as follows: BP 142/86 mmHg HR 102 bpm RR 32 bpm Temp 102.3F SpO2 86% on room air The nurse locates a portable oxygen tank and places the patient on 2 lpm oxygen via nasal cannula.  Based on these findings, Mr. Whaley’s PCP decides to call an ambulance to send Mr. Whaley to the Emergency Department (ED).  While waiting…

Alan has been smoking for the past 20 years and has been experiencing some shortness of breath and a cough. His physician, Dr. Anthony, sees him. The physician orders a lung capacity test and a chest X-ray. Explain COPD and emphysema.

Mr. Whaley is a 65-year-old man with a history of COPD who presents to his primary care provider’s (PCP) office complaining of a productive cough off and on for 2 years and shortness of breath for the last 3 days. He reports that he has had several chest colds in the last few years, but this time it won’t go away.  His wife says he has been feverish for a few days, but doesn’t have a specific temperature to report. He reports smoking a pack of cigarettes a day for 25 years plus the occasional cigar. Upon further assessment, Mr. Whaley has crackles throughout the lower lobes of his lungs, with occasional expiratory wheezes throughout the lung fields. His vital signs are as follows: BP 142/86 mmHg HR 102 bpm RR 32 bpm Temp 102.3F SpO2 86% on room air The nurse locates a portable oxygen tank and places the patient on 2 lpm oxygen via nasal cannula.  Based on these findings, Mr. Whaley’s PCP decides to call an ambulance to send Mr. Whaley to the Emergency Department (ED).  While waiting…

Mr. Whaley is a 65-year-old man with a history of COPD who presents to his primary care provider’s (PCP) office complaining of a productive cough off and on for 2 years and shortness of breath for the last 3 days. He reports that he has had several chest colds in the last few years, but this time it won’t go away.  His wife says he has been feverish for a few days, but doesn’t have a specific temperature to report. He reports smoking a pack of cigarettes a day for 25 years plus the occasional cigar.      Upon further assessment, Mr. Whaley has crackles throughout the lower lobes of his lungs, with occasional expiratory wheezes throughout the lung fields. His vital signs are as follows: BP 142/86 mmHg HR 102 bpm RR 32 bpm Temp 102.3F SpO2 86% on room air      The nurse locates a portable oxygen tank and places the patient on 2 lpm oxygen via nasal cannula.  Based on these findings, Mr. Whaley’s PCP decides to call an ambulance to send Mr. Whaley to the Emergency Department (ED).…

PROFILE OF PATIENT Mr. Asare is a 75-year-old male admitted with an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (emphysema) at Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital. He has been keeping the head of the bed up for most of the day and night to facilitate his breathing which has resulted in lower back pain. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) was not effective in reducing his pain, so the health care provider has prescribed oxycodone/acetaminophen (Percocet) one to two tablets PO every four to six hours as needed for pain. Mr. Asare is on 2 liters of oxygen by nasal cannula. He can receive respiratory treatments of albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin) every six hours as needed. Mr. Asare needs someone to walk beside him when he ambulates because he has an unsteady gait and often needs to stop to catch his breath.   CASE STUDY The nurse enters the room and finds Mr. Asare hunched over his bedside table watching television. He says this position helps his breathing. His lung sounds are clear but diminished…

A surgeon removed three adjacent bronchopulmonary segments from the left lung of a patient with TB. Almost half of the lung was removed, yet there was no severe bleeding, and relatively few blood vessels had to be cauterized. Why was the surgery so easy to perform?

Why must a patient have a chest tube placed to CONTINUOUS suction if he/she suffers a pneumothorax?  Discuss why just taking a deep breathe can enlarge a pnemothorax, i.e. what are the pressure changes taking place with inspiration.  Also, how does lung compliance and elasticity play a role in "mending" a pneuothorax or hinder the "mending" of it.

Bronchiolitis is caused by a bacterial infection. True or False? True False