Chapter 1, Problem 8P

Outline the structure and functions of cellwalls, and explain the role of peptidoglycan.

Briefly explain about  degradation of azo dyes in wastewater using micro-nano bubbles (MNBs) treatment. Explain how the process is done.

22-62 Distinguish between intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonding between backbone groups. Where in protein structures do you find one, and where do you find the other?

(5) One of Prof Cunningham's former students wrote his doctoral dissertation about a new technology to clean up soil contaminated by certain types of chemicals. One of the chemicals we tested in the lab was 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene (TECB). (a) Draw the chemical structure of 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene. (b) When we started working on the project, we thought maybe TeCB would be de- stroyed according to first-order kinetics, but we weren't sure. Below are two tables of actual data that the student collected in the laboratory. The two data sets were collected under different experimental conditions. For each of the two experiments, determine if the disappearance of TeCB is zero-order, first-order, second-order, or something else. Specify the value of the rate constant (ko, k1, or k2, as appropriate). Be sure to give the right units of k! Table 1: Concentration of TECB vs. time, experiment 1 time (min) Conc. (mg/L) 10 20 30 45 5.0 2.93 2.06 0.61 0.28 0.057 Table 2: Concentration of TECB…

5. Briefly discuss permeability in polymers with equations and conditions controlling permeability. Give 2 applications of semipermeable polymeric membranes in Biological and chemical systems.

What are the criteria for essential elements in relation to biological systems. Explain the concept of essentiality.

You ask the individual if they are taking any non-prescription drugs.  They tell you they recently started taking a coenzyme Q10 supplement based on a recommendation from a friend.  The structure of coenzyme Q10 is shown below.  Looking at the structure of the molecule, which one of the 4 major classes of macromolecules (carbohydrate, lipid, proteins or nucleotides) does it most closely resemble?  Be sure to include specific chemical characteristics that support this decision.

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of proteins in a cell extract provides a qualitative way to compare proteins with respect to intracellular abundance. Describe a quantitative approach to determine the number of molecules of an enzyme per cell.

discuss the practical methods of preparation of naturad dyes, their physical properties and their uses ?