ypedef ____ value_t
Addition of Two Numbers
Adding two numbers in programming is essentially the same as adding two numbers in general arithmetic. A significant difference is that in programming, you need to pay attention to the data type of the variable that will hold the sum of two numbers.
C++
C++ is a general-purpose hybrid language, which supports both OOPs and procedural language designed and developed by Bjarne Stroustrup. It began in 1979 as “C with Classes” at Bell Labs and first appeared in the year 1985 as C++. It is the superset of C programming language, because it uses most of the C code syntax. Due to its hybrid functionality, it used to develop embedded systems, operating systems, web browser, GUI and video games.
// TYPEDEFS and MEMBER CONSTANTS for the sequence class:
// typedef ____ value_type
// sequence::value_type is the data type of the items in the sequence.
// It may be any of the C++ built-in types (int, char, etc.), or a
// class with a default constructor, an assignment operator, and a
// copy constructor.
//
// typedef ____ size_type
// sequence::size_type is the data type of any variable that keeps
// track of how many items are in a sequence.
//
// static const size_type DEFAULT_CAPACITY = _____
// sequence::DEFAULT_CAPACITY is the default initial capacity of a
// sequence that is created by the default constructor.
//
// CONSTRUCTOR for the sequence class:
// sequence(size_type initial_capacity = DEFAULT_CAPACITY)
// Pre: initial_capacity > 0
// Post: The sequence has been initialized as an empty sequence.
// The insert/attach functions will work efficiently (without
// allocating new memory) until this capacity is reached.
// Note: If Pre is not met, initial_capacity will be adjusted to 1.
//
// MODIFICATION MEMBER FUNCTIONS for the sequence class:
// void resize(size_type new_capacity)
// Pre: new_capacity > 0
// Post: The sequence's current capacity is changed to new_capacity
// (but not less that the number of items already on the sequence).
// The insert/attach functions will work efficiently (without
// allocating new memory) until this new capacity is reached.
// Note: If new_capacity is less than used, it will be made equal to
// to used (in order to preserve existing data). Thereafter, if Pre
// is not met, new_capacity will be adjusted to 1.
//
// void start()
// Pre: none
// Post: The first item on the sequence becomes the current item
// (but if the sequence is empty, then there is no current item).
//
// void advance()
// Pre: is_item returns true.
// Post: If the current item was already the last item in the
// sequence, then there is no longer any current item. Otherwise,
// the new current item is the item immediately after the original
// current item.
//
// void insert(const value_type& entry)
// Pre: none
// Post: A new copy of entry has been inserted in the sequence
// before the current item. If there was no current item, then
// the new entry has been inserted at the front of the sequence.
// In either case, the newly inserted item is now the current item
// of the sequence.
//
// void attach(const value_type& entry)
// Pre: none
// Post: A new copy of entry has been inserted in the sequence after
// the current item. If there was no current item, then the new
// entry has been attached to the end of the sequence. In either
// case, the newly inserted item is now the current item of the
// sequence.
//
// void remove_current()
// Pre: is_item returns true.
// Post: The current item has been removed from the sequence, and
// the item after this (if there is one) is now the new current
// item. If the current item was already the last item in the
// sequence, then there is no longer any current item.
//
// CONSTANT MEMBER FUNCTIONS for the sequence class:
// size_type size() const
// Pre: none
// Post: The return value is the number of items in the sequence.
//
// bool is_item() const
// Pre: none
// Post: A true return value indicates that there is a valid
// "current" item that may be retrieved by activating the current
// member function (listed below). A false return value indicates
// that there is no valid current item.
//
// value_type current() const
// Pre: is_item() returns true.
// Post: The item returned is the current item in the sequence.
//
// VALUE SEMANTICS for the sequence class:
// Assignments and the copy constructor may be used with sequence
// objects.
#ifndef SEQUENCE_H
#define SEQUENCE_H
#include <cstdlib> // provides size_t
namespace CS3358_SP2023
{
class sequence
{
public:
// TYPEDEFS and MEMBER CONSTANTS
typedef double value_type;
typedef std::size_t size_type;
static const size_type DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 30;
// CONSTRUCTORS and DESTRUCTOR
sequence(size_type initial_capacity = DEFAULT_CAPACITY);
sequence(const sequence& source);
~sequence();
// MODIFICATION MEMBER FUNCTIONS
void resize(size_type new_capacity);
void start();
void advance();
void insert(const value_type& entry);
void attach(const value_type& entry);
void remove_current();
sequence& operator=(const sequence& source);
// CONSTANT MEMBER FUNCTIONS
size_type size() const;
bool is_item() const;
value_type current() const;
private:
value_type* data;
size_type used;
size_type current_index;
size_type capacity;
};
}
#endif
- Define the sequence class with necessary private member variables: data, used, current_index, and capacity.
- Define type aliases value_type for double and size_type for std::size_t.
- Implement the constructor sequence(size_type initial_capacity) to initialize the sequence.
- Implement the copy constructor sequence(const sequence& source) to copy another sequence.
- Implement the destructor ~sequence() to release the memory allocated for the sequence.
- Implement resize(size_type new_capacity) to change the sequence's capacity.
- Implement start() to set the current index to the first item.
- Implement advance() to move to the next item in the sequence.
- Implement insert(const value_type& entry) to insert an item before the current item.
- Implement attach(const value_type& entry) to attach an item after the current item.
- Implement remove_current() to remove the current item.
- Implement size() const to return the number of items in the sequence.
- Implement is_item() const to check if there's a current item.
- Implement current() const to return the current item.
5. Implement Main Function:
- Create an instance of the sequence class, e.g., sequence mySequence;.
- Use various methods to demonstrate the functionality:
- Insert values using Insert.
- Print the size of the sequence using size.
- Print the current item using is_item and current.
- Move to the next item using advance.
- Insert a new item using insert.
- Remove an item using remove_current.
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