You work in the restaurant industry. A small child has just vomited on a table and the surrounding floor. The area needs to be cleaned quickly because, well, its vomit and customers are waiting to be seated. You have a choice between two antimicrobials: Substance X and Substance Y. A bacterial growth chart is shown below in the presence of the two different antimicrobials.The results are below. 105 104 103 Substance X Substance Y 102 101 100 2 4 8 10 Time (min) a) Calculate the approximate decimal reduction time (D-value) for each of the two antimicrobials tested. The D-value is the time it takes to kill 90% of the microbes in a sample. (Hint: What is the percent difference between 103 and 10²?) b) You need a disinfectant that works within 30 seconds. Can either of these be used? Number of living microbes

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Match descriptions with terms. Some choices may be used more than once, and others not at all.                                                                        Microbes in this part of the body probably arrive by fecal-oral transmission.                                                                        The airway, gastrointestinal tract, and genito-urinary tract are lined with this                                                                        Skin microbes plus microbes in this location on the body comprise the normal flora                                                                        Pathogens in this location are invasive. A. raw eggs B. gastrointestinal tract C. blood D. mucosal surfaces E. there is no such location

A research scientist is developing a new antimicrobial drug for a pharmaceutical company. Discuss at least  4 attibutes that this drug should posses in order to be an ideal antimicrobial drug.

The CDC has established biological safety levels (BSLs) for working with specific pathogens. Match the statements below with the appropriate BSL: Workers must wear respirators and work continuously in a biological safety cabinet Workers must wear full-body protective suits with a designated air supply Workers must wear standard personal protective equipment (PPE) and work at a laboratory bench Workers must wear standard personal safety equipment (PPE) and work in biological safety cabinets BSL-1, BSL-2,BLS-3,BLS-4

1) It is sometimes best to use two different antibiotics in order to treat an infection. This might happen because of the : -Symbiotic effects of the drugs -Synergistic effects of the drugs -Antagonistic effects of the two drugs   2) What was the first synthetic antimicrobial? - Salvarsan - Tetracycline - Sulfonimide

8. Match the following. A. Killing all bacteria on medical equipment via autoclaving 1. Sanitization B. Swabbing an injection site with alcohol prior to inoculation 2. Disinfection C. Application of triple antiviotic ointment to a topical wound 3. Degerming D. Use of phenol based product to clean a toilet 4. Sterilization E. Washing eating utensils in the dishwasher 5. Antisepsis 6. Chemical F. Incineration of Biohazard waste G. Filtration of heat labile liquids 7. Biological 8. Physical H. Using bacteriophages as a treatment I. Using Nitric Oxide to sterilize petri plates 9. Mechanical