You may have noticed that in spite of carefully measuring and calculating, the values for the specific heat you determined experimentally do not match the published values for those concentrations of propylene glycol solutions. Let's explore why. 1. Rosa suggests a source of error: • Save Some of the energy from the heating coil is lost because the insulation of the container is not perfect. What type of error will this cause? That is, will the experimental values for specific heat be higher or lower than the actual values? Explain your reasoning. BI U E = E E 8 D fx 2. Max forgot to subtract the mass of the container when he measured the mass of the liquid. How will this affect his • Save results? BI U ® O fx 3. Emma, a student, makes the following claim: My calculated value for the specific heat falls between the specific heat of the 20% solution and the 40% solution. I decided that the solution in my trial is the higher concentration, the 40% solution because it is more likely that my experimental value for the specific heat is higher than the actual value for my solution. Do you agree with Emma, or disagree. Provide reasoning and evidence from your own observations and measurements from the !!!

Principles of Modern Chemistry
8th Edition
ISBN:9781305079113
Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler
Publisher:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler
Chapter12: Thermodynamic Processes And Thermochemistry
Section: Chapter Questions
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Using specific heat to identify a substance

You may have noticed that in spite of carefully measuring and calculating, the values for the specific heat you determined
experimentally do not match the published values for those concentrations of propylene glycol solutions. Let's explore why.
1. Rosa suggests a source of error:
• Saved
Some of the energy from the heating coil is lost because the insulation of the container is not perfect.
What type of error will this cause? That is, will the experimental values for specific heat be higher or lower than the actual
values? Explain your reasoning.
в I U
E E E E
G
2. Max forgot to subtract the mass of the container when he measured the mass of the liquid. How will this affect his
• Saved
results?
в I U
3. Emma, a student, makes the following claim:
My calculated value for the specific heat falls between the specific heat of the 20% solution and the 40% solution. I decided that
the solution in my trial is the higher concentration, the 40% solution because it is more likely that my experimental value for the
specific heat is higher than the actual value for my solution.
Do you agree with Emma, or disagree. Provide reasoning and evidence from your own observations and measurements from the
video.
!!
Transcribed Image Text:You may have noticed that in spite of carefully measuring and calculating, the values for the specific heat you determined experimentally do not match the published values for those concentrations of propylene glycol solutions. Let's explore why. 1. Rosa suggests a source of error: • Saved Some of the energy from the heating coil is lost because the insulation of the container is not perfect. What type of error will this cause? That is, will the experimental values for specific heat be higher or lower than the actual values? Explain your reasoning. в I U E E E E G 2. Max forgot to subtract the mass of the container when he measured the mass of the liquid. How will this affect his • Saved results? в I U 3. Emma, a student, makes the following claim: My calculated value for the specific heat falls between the specific heat of the 20% solution and the 40% solution. I decided that the solution in my trial is the higher concentration, the 40% solution because it is more likely that my experimental value for the specific heat is higher than the actual value for my solution. Do you agree with Emma, or disagree. Provide reasoning and evidence from your own observations and measurements from the video. !!
4. Here is a table showing the results for Jack and Emma's class:
Mass of
Liquid Duration Observed C Actual C
(g)
Concentration
Percent
of PG
Ti (°C)
Tf (°C)
AT (°C)
(s)
(J/g C)
(J/g.°C)
Error
0%
21.8
31.22
9.42
473.3
908
4.313
4.184
3.09
20%
21.58
30.78
9.2
488.9
886
4.172
3.983
4.75
40%
21.61
31.52
9.91
499
900
3.855
3.718
3.68
60%
21.51
32.89
11.38
485.9
900
3.447
3.361
2.57
80%
21.57
34.12
12.55
502
900
3.026
2.904
4.19
100%
21.64
36.29
14.65
481
900
2.705
2.51
7.77
When discussing class data, Jack notices a trend:
The difference between the experimental value for the specific heat and the accepted value for the 100% propylene glycol
solution (pure propylene glycol) is higher than the others.
Provide an explanation for why this might be true.
Hint: What other values increase as the concentration of propylene glycol increase?
в I U
fx
5. Suggest one possible source of error that would cause the experimental values for the specific heat to be less than the actual
values.
в I U
回东
!!!
Transcribed Image Text:4. Here is a table showing the results for Jack and Emma's class: Mass of Liquid Duration Observed C Actual C (g) Concentration Percent of PG Ti (°C) Tf (°C) AT (°C) (s) (J/g C) (J/g.°C) Error 0% 21.8 31.22 9.42 473.3 908 4.313 4.184 3.09 20% 21.58 30.78 9.2 488.9 886 4.172 3.983 4.75 40% 21.61 31.52 9.91 499 900 3.855 3.718 3.68 60% 21.51 32.89 11.38 485.9 900 3.447 3.361 2.57 80% 21.57 34.12 12.55 502 900 3.026 2.904 4.19 100% 21.64 36.29 14.65 481 900 2.705 2.51 7.77 When discussing class data, Jack notices a trend: The difference between the experimental value for the specific heat and the accepted value for the 100% propylene glycol solution (pure propylene glycol) is higher than the others. Provide an explanation for why this might be true. Hint: What other values increase as the concentration of propylene glycol increase? в I U fx 5. Suggest one possible source of error that would cause the experimental values for the specific heat to be less than the actual values. в I U 回东 !!!
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