You are working the night shift on a medical-surgical unit. You assignment includes a 19 year old woman admitted early this morning. She has sustained burns over 30% of her body surface area, with partial-thickness burns on her legs and back.
discuss the following:
- The staff are following the Parkland Formula for fluid resuscitation. The client arrived at 0200 and was admitted at 0400. She weighs 110 pounds. Calculate her fluid requirement, using the Parkland formula. Explain the time intervals and amounts for each.
Burns are injuries caused by heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation, or friction. They can range from minor injuries, such as sunburns, to severe, life-threatening injuries. Burns damage the skin and sometimes other tissues, and the severity of the injury depends on the type of burn, the cause, and the amount of skin affected.
There are three main types of burns:
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First-degree burns (or superficial burns) - only affect the outer layer of skin (epidermis) and cause mild redness, pain, and sensitivity.
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Second-degree burns (or partial-thickness burns) - affect both the outer layer of skin and the underlying layer (dermis) and cause pain, redness, blistering, and swelling.
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Third-degree burns (or full-thickness burns) - damage all layers of the skin, as well as the underlying fat, muscle, and bone. They appear white or black, are dry and leathery, and cause little to no pain because the nerve endings have been destroyed.
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