You are explaining how a variable annuity functions to one of your clients. Which of the following statements is true? OA) Withdrawals are always federal income tax-free. B) Growth inside the annuity is taxed annually. C) The growth in the variable annuity is guaranteed. D) The rates of return may fluctuate depending on how the account value is invested.

Scenario 1: Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) allow people to shelter some of their income from taxation. Suppose the maximum annual contribution to such accounts is $5,000 per person. Now suppose there is a decrease in the maximum contribution, from $5,000 to $3,000 per year. Shift the appropriate curve on the graph to reflect this change. This change in the tax treatment of interest income from saving causes the equilibrium interest rate in the market for loanable funds to    and the level of investment spending to    .

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Which one of these statements related to growing annuities and perpetuities is correct?     In computing the present value of a growing annuity, you discount the cash flows using the growth rate as the discount rate.   You can compute the present value of a growing annuity but not a growing perpetuity.   The future value of an annuity will decrease if the growth rate is increased.   An increase in the rate of growth will decrease the present value of an annuity.   The present value of a growing perpetuity will decrease if the discount rate is increased.