x avoidance vs. tax evasion = Over time, these concepts have become somewhat blurred.  Define ta

Debate Over Allowing Big Businesses to Lower Tax Overheads The question of whether big businesses should be permitted to lower their tax overheads is a contentious issue that touches upon economic, social, and ethical considerations. Advocates argue that businesses have a fiduciary responsibility to their shareholders to maximize profits legally. Employing tax planning strategies to minimize tax liabilities allows businesses to retain more earnings, which can be reinvested into the company for expansion, innovation, and job creation. Additionally, proponents contend that tax incentives and deductions provided by governments are designed to encourage investment and economic growth, and businesses have the right to take advantage of these incentives within the confines of the law. On the other hand, critics argue that allowing big businesses to lower their tax overheads through aggressive tax avoidance measures can have detrimental effects on society. Such practices can exacerbate income…

Some customers of Internet businesses can avoid paying statesales taxes on purchases if the Internet businesses don’t havea physical presence in their state. However, more states areenacting laws to collect taxes. What impact might this have onthe clicks, bricks, or both choices?

A3

4. Which of the below statements is false about the Static Tax Clientele Theory of payout policy? Investors with high capital gains tax relative to marginal income tax prefer cash dividends An individual company cannot increase its value by changing its payout policy Companies with high dividend payout rates attract investors with relatively low tax rates There is a static equilibrium where companies with low dividend payout rates attract investors with relatively high tax rates None of the above

"Executives would prefer to show lower earnings per share because the company's tax bill will be reduced." Discuss