Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Write complete molecular equation for each observation and identify each reaction as redox or non-redox.
C1:
Observation: Zn reacts with HCl and produces a gas. Insertion of an ignited wooden splint results on an audible "pop" sound.
Equation:
Redox or Non-redox
C2a:
Observation: A reddish color rust forms on the zinc strip.
Equation:
Redox or Non-Redox
C2b:
Observation: No change in copper strip or solution color is observed.
Equation:
Redox or Non-Redox
Transcribed Image Text:|ミ|ミ
>>>>E
|彡1彡
|彡
SOLUBILITY TABLE
CrO
CH,COO
Br
CO3-
OH
NO,
O-
PO
SO
AP
W
A
W
W
A
a
NH,*
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
--
Ba
W
W
W
W
W
W.
a
d
Ca2+
W
W
Cr
W
W
W
W
d.
--
a
Co+
W
W
W
A
A
W
W
A
A
W
A
Cu
W
W
W
A
a
W
A
W
H*
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
Fe
W
W
W
A
W
A
Fe+
W
W
W
A
W
A
d
A
W
d.
Mg
A
W
W
W
W
Hg"
A
W
A
A
W
A
a
W.
A
W
A
I
Hg*
W
W
W
Ni
W
W
W
W
A
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
K
W
W
W
A
Ag
a
--
W
a
10
W
W
W
W
d.
W
W
Na*
W
W
W
W
A
W
d.
A
A
W
A
Sn2+
D
W
W
A
A
A
Sn+
W
W
W
W
W
W
A
W
A
W
A
Zn
W
W
Key to abbreviations:
w= only slightly soluble in water, but soluble in acids
W= soluble in water
A= insoluble in water, but soluble in acids
I= insoluble in both water and acids
d= decomposes in water
a= insoluble in water, and only slightly soluble in acids
Transcribed Image Text:In this type of metathetical reaction, heat is given off and a molecular species such as water is formed. If the solutions are
dilute, the heat effect may not be noticeable and no visible change occurs. Thus, we use an indicator like phenolphthalein to indicate
that a reaction has occurred. Phenolphthalein is pink in basic solution and clear in acid solution. Strong acids and strong bases are
completely ionized in solution.
Carbonates are basic and the
addition of an acid will result
HNO, (aq) + KOH(aq) → KNO, (ag) + H:00)
in the formation of bubbles of carbon dioxide gas:
2HCI(aq) + CaCo, → CaCl:(aq) + H:0(0) + CO:(g)t
PROCEDURES: Perform
each of the following reactions. Write your observations in your notebook and write the equation for each reaction.
1.
Add a dropperful of 0.1 M NaOH and one drop of phenolphthalein to a test tube. Note the color. Add 0.1 M HCI drop by drop
until the color changes. Feel the test tube. Can you detect the evolution of heat?
Place a spatulaful of sodium carbonate in a test tube. Add a dropperful of 1M hydrochloric acid.
2.
PART II - REDOX REACTIONS
Redox reactions are reactions in which elements are oxidized and reduced, i.e. some of the elements involved undergo a change
in oxidation number. There are many types of redox reactions - combination reactions, decomposition reactions, replacement reactions
and combustion reactions. In this experiment, you will perform some combination, decomposition, and replacement reactions. Not all
combination and decomposition reactions are redox reactions.
А.
COMBINATION REACTIONS
Combination reactions are those in which two or more substances combine to form a more complex substance. The general
formula for a combination reaction is
A + B →C
Many combination reactions
involve the reaction of two
elements to fom a compound
and these are all redox reactions.
C + 0; → CO;
Many elements react with oxygen to form oxides.
4Na + 0, → 2 Na,0
Some combination reactions
involve the reaction of two
compounds to form another compound. These are often not redox reactions. Metal oxides react with water to form metal hydroxides.
The presence of the hydroxide ion is detected with phenolphthalein.
Na,0 + H,0 → 2NAOH
PROCEDURES: Perform
each of the following
reactions. Write your observations in your notebook and write the equation for each reaction. Identify each reaction as redox or non-
redox.
Work under the hood! With a pair of tongs, hold a strip of magnesium in a bunsen burner flame. Do not look directly at the
flame. Save the ash in a small beaker for the next procedure. If magnesium is substance "A" in the general equation, what is
"B"?
1.
Add a dropperful of distilled water and a drop of phenolphthalein. The phenolphthalein is only an indicator for the presence of
hydroxide ion and does not enter into the equation.
DECOMPOSITION REACTIONS
2.
В.
A decomposition reaction is the reverse of a combination reaction. It involves the breakdown of a complex substance into
simpler substances. It is often necessary to heat the substance being decomposed. The general equation for a decomposition reaction is
C - A + B
Metal oxides decompose to
the metal and oxygen gas.
This is a redox reaction.
Metal hydroxides decompose
to the metal oxide and water.
2Hg0 → 2Hg + O:
This is not a redox reaction.
PROCEDURES: Perform
each of the following
reactions. Watch for evidence
Mg(OH ), → Mgo + H;0
of the decomposition products. Write your observations in your notebook and write the equation for each reaction. Identify each
reaction as redox or non-redox.
1.
Work under the hood! Weigh out exactly 0.1 g of ammonium dichromate and add to a test tube. Clamp and warm gently with
a Bunsen burner. Two of the products of this reaction are chromium (III) oxide and nitrogen gas. Watch for evidence of the
third product.
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