write a recursive version. The function takes two string parameters, s1 and s2 and returns the starting index of s2 inside the first string s1, or -1 if s2 is not found in s1. You must not use any loops; you also cannot use the string member functions find or rfind. You may use the member functions size, at and substr. Your function must be recursive. CANNOT MODIFY GRAY AREA

Objectives Practice defining functions with parameters. Practice manipulating strings. Implement your own version of Python string methods The provided file string_functions.py defines several string functions, but does not include the code for them. Add code to implement functions that are equivalent in behavior to the corresponding built-in Python string function. Every function MUST return a value. Use loops to implement your functions. You cannot use built-in string methods, string functions, or string-operators to implement your functions. Each function is worth a maximum of 10 points. 1. cs110_upper: Takes a string as a parameter and returns it as a string in all uppercase. Hint: Use the ord () function to get the ASCI value of a character. For example, ord ('a') returns the integer 97. You will also need to use the chr (value) function that returns a string of one character whose ASCII code is the integer valus. For example, chr (97) returns the string 'a'. You cannot use the…

Problem Statement: The mathematician Conway imagined a game, called game of life, which considered cells that are susceptible to reproduce, disappear, or survive when they obey certain rules. These cells are represented by elements on a grid of squares, where a grid has an arbitrary size. Thus, each cell (except those on the boundaries of the grid) is surrounded by eight squares that contain other cells. The rules are stated as follows: 1. Survival: Each cell that has two or three adjacent cells survives until the next generation.2. Death: Each cell that has at least four adjacent cells disappears (or dies) by overpopulation. Also, each cell that has at most one adjacent cell dies by isolation.3. Birth: Each empty square (i.e., dead cell) that is adjacent to exactly three cells gives birthto a new cell for the next generation.It is worth noting that all births and deaths occur at the same time during a generation. Write a program that simulates this game and displays all successive…

Define Arrays as Parameters to Functions.