Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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![**Drawing the Lewis Structure for Formaldehyde (HC(=O)H):**
For this exercise, you need to write a Lewis structure for formaldehyde, HC(=O)H, showing all valence electrons. Here are a few guidelines to complete this task effectively:
**Guidelines:**
- You do not have to consider stereochemistry.
- Explicitly draw all hydrogen (H) atoms.
- Include all valence lone pairs in your answer.
**Instructions:**
- **Step 1:** Identify the total number of valence electrons in the molecule. Formaldehyde consists of one carbon (C), two hydrogen (H), and one oxygen (O). Carbon has 4 valence electrons, each hydrogen has 1 valence electron, and oxygen has 6 valence electrons. Thus, the total number of valence electrons to work with is:
\[ 4 (C) + 1 (H) + 1 (H) + 6 (O) = 12 \text{ valence electrons} \]
- **Step 2:** Draw the skeleton structure of the molecule. Carbon is the central atom, with hydrogen atoms and an oxygen atom bonded to it. Oxygen will form a double bond with carbon to satisfy the octet rule for both atoms.
- **Step 3:** Distribute the remaining electrons as lone pairs to complete the octets for the atoms involved.
Here's a simple manual drawing of the structure:
\[
H-C=O-H
\]
Where:
- The double line between C and O represents a double bond (4 electrons).
- Single lines between C and each H represent single bonds (2 electrons each, 4 total).
Valence lone pairs on oxygen should be illustrated as dots around the oxygen atom. This ensures the correct depiction of the electron configuration for formaldehyde.
**Diagram Explanation:**
The graphical interface displayed in the image above contains several tools for drawing molecular structures, such as:
- Tools for adding bonds (single, double, triple) and lone pairs
- Erasers and undo buttons for corrections
- Various options to modify and adjust the molecule's structure.
This interface helps you build an accurate Lewis structure by providing visual guides and ensuring all atoms and electrons are accounted for in the molecule. Ensure to utilize these tools to create a structured and systematic representation of the formaldehyde molecule including all specified details.
If you need further assistance with the drawing, please refer to the](https://content.bartleby.com/qna-images/question/d32c0099-d35b-45af-b7af-24c06e9e82b9/ff9a5074-664d-4826-90e1-bc396d6fc80f/r7se49t_processed.png)
Transcribed Image Text:**Drawing the Lewis Structure for Formaldehyde (HC(=O)H):**
For this exercise, you need to write a Lewis structure for formaldehyde, HC(=O)H, showing all valence electrons. Here are a few guidelines to complete this task effectively:
**Guidelines:**
- You do not have to consider stereochemistry.
- Explicitly draw all hydrogen (H) atoms.
- Include all valence lone pairs in your answer.
**Instructions:**
- **Step 1:** Identify the total number of valence electrons in the molecule. Formaldehyde consists of one carbon (C), two hydrogen (H), and one oxygen (O). Carbon has 4 valence electrons, each hydrogen has 1 valence electron, and oxygen has 6 valence electrons. Thus, the total number of valence electrons to work with is:
\[ 4 (C) + 1 (H) + 1 (H) + 6 (O) = 12 \text{ valence electrons} \]
- **Step 2:** Draw the skeleton structure of the molecule. Carbon is the central atom, with hydrogen atoms and an oxygen atom bonded to it. Oxygen will form a double bond with carbon to satisfy the octet rule for both atoms.
- **Step 3:** Distribute the remaining electrons as lone pairs to complete the octets for the atoms involved.
Here's a simple manual drawing of the structure:
\[
H-C=O-H
\]
Where:
- The double line between C and O represents a double bond (4 electrons).
- Single lines between C and each H represent single bonds (2 electrons each, 4 total).
Valence lone pairs on oxygen should be illustrated as dots around the oxygen atom. This ensures the correct depiction of the electron configuration for formaldehyde.
**Diagram Explanation:**
The graphical interface displayed in the image above contains several tools for drawing molecular structures, such as:
- Tools for adding bonds (single, double, triple) and lone pairs
- Erasers and undo buttons for corrections
- Various options to modify and adjust the molecule's structure.
This interface helps you build an accurate Lewis structure by providing visual guides and ensuring all atoms and electrons are accounted for in the molecule. Ensure to utilize these tools to create a structured and systematic representation of the formaldehyde molecule including all specified details.
If you need further assistance with the drawing, please refer to the
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