Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Normal values for peak expiratory flow (PEF) EN 13826 or EU scale 680 660 640 620 600 580 560 540 Men 520 Height 500 190 cm or 75" 480 183cm or 72" 460 175 cm or 69" 440 167 cm or 66" 160 cm or 63" Women 420 400 380 360 183cm or 72" 175 cm or 69" 340 167 cm or 66" 160 cm or 63" 152 cm or 60" 320 300. 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 Age (years) Häggström, Mikael (2014). "Medical gallery of Mikael Häg ggström 2014". WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.008. ISSN 2002-4436. Public Domain. WHAT DO THESE VALUES MEAN IN THE REAL WORLD? Individuals suffering from obstructive pulmonary disease (narrowed airways) have a low FEV1 but a normal FVC. Since the airways are narrowed less air can be blown out in one second. Individuals with obstructive lung disease also have a FER less than 70% of the predicted value. Asthma is one condition which causes narrowing of the airways. Spirometry is used to diagnose asthma and assess the efficiency of treatments. Individuals can also suffer from restrictive pulmonary disease. These individuals have a normal FEV1 since the airways are unobstructed but a lower FVC. The lower FVC is caused by various conditions that affect the lung tissue or the capacity of the lungs to expand. There are some conditions that involve both lung obstruction and restriction, such as cystic fibrous. Individuals with cystic fibrous secrete excess mucus which narrows the airways and damages the lung tissue. PEF (L/min )
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Transcribed Image Text:Normal values for peak expiratory flow (PEF) EN 13826 or EU scale 680 660 640 620 600 580 560 540 Men 520 Height 500 190 cm or 75" 480 183cm or 72" 460 175 cm or 69" 440 167 cm or 66" 160 cm or 63" Women 420 400 380 360 183cm or 72" 175 cm or 69" 340 167 cm or 66" 160 cm or 63" 152 cm or 60" 320 300. 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 Age (years) Häggström, Mikael (2014). "Medical gallery of Mikael Häg ggström 2014". WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.008. ISSN 2002-4436. Public Domain. WHAT DO THESE VALUES MEAN IN THE REAL WORLD? Individuals suffering from obstructive pulmonary disease (narrowed airways) have a low FEV1 but a normal FVC. Since the airways are narrowed less air can be blown out in one second. Individuals with obstructive lung disease also have a FER less than 70% of the predicted value. Asthma is one condition which causes narrowing of the airways. Spirometry is used to diagnose asthma and assess the efficiency of treatments. Individuals can also suffer from restrictive pulmonary disease. These individuals have a normal FEV1 since the airways are unobstructed but a lower FVC. The lower FVC is caused by various conditions that affect the lung tissue or the capacity of the lungs to expand. There are some conditions that involve both lung obstruction and restriction, such as cystic fibrous. Individuals with cystic fibrous secrete excess mucus which narrows the airways and damages the lung tissue. PEF (L/min )
ACTIVITY II Respiratory Volume and Lung Capacity Spirometry is the classic pulmonary function test. A spirometer is an instrument used to measure how much air and how quickly air is expelled after a deep inhalation. The measurements can be used to calculate how efficiently and how quickly the lungs can be filled upon inspiration and emptied during expiration. The most common measurements obtained from a spirometer are listed below. . VC Vital Capacity-- Maximal amount of air exhaled steadily from full inspiration to maximal expiration I FVC Forced vital capacity-- The total amount of air that you blow out in one breath · FEV1--Forced expiratory volume in one second--the amount of air you can blow out in one second. An individual with normal lungs and airways can blow out most of the air from the lungs in the first second I FER Forced expiratory ratio--(FEV1/FVC)x100 • Percentage of the FVC expelled in the first second of a forced expiration PEF Peak expiratory flow--Peak expiratory flow in liters per minute The spirometer measures peak expiratory flow, a useful indicator of lung function to assess conditions such as asthma. Peak flow readings are achieved by standing or sitting upright, taking a deep breath, and blowing out through the spirometer as fast as possible. Peak flow measurements are compared to other individuals for your age and height. See the diagram below to see how age influences peak expiratory flow. Why would someone have a higher than normal peak flow? A lower than normal peak flow? How does age appear to influence peak expiratory flow? Why do you think this is?
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Transcribed Image Text:ACTIVITY II Respiratory Volume and Lung Capacity Spirometry is the classic pulmonary function test. A spirometer is an instrument used to measure how much air and how quickly air is expelled after a deep inhalation. The measurements can be used to calculate how efficiently and how quickly the lungs can be filled upon inspiration and emptied during expiration. The most common measurements obtained from a spirometer are listed below. . VC Vital Capacity-- Maximal amount of air exhaled steadily from full inspiration to maximal expiration I FVC Forced vital capacity-- The total amount of air that you blow out in one breath · FEV1--Forced expiratory volume in one second--the amount of air you can blow out in one second. An individual with normal lungs and airways can blow out most of the air from the lungs in the first second I FER Forced expiratory ratio--(FEV1/FVC)x100 • Percentage of the FVC expelled in the first second of a forced expiration PEF Peak expiratory flow--Peak expiratory flow in liters per minute The spirometer measures peak expiratory flow, a useful indicator of lung function to assess conditions such as asthma. Peak flow readings are achieved by standing or sitting upright, taking a deep breath, and blowing out through the spirometer as fast as possible. Peak flow measurements are compared to other individuals for your age and height. See the diagram below to see how age influences peak expiratory flow. Why would someone have a higher than normal peak flow? A lower than normal peak flow? How does age appear to influence peak expiratory flow? Why do you think this is?
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