Why must glucose be “primed” with a high-energy phosphate bond before it can be degraded in the glycolytic pathway?

Glutamine synthase has how many subunits? A、8 B、10 C、6 D、12

Please describe four different modes of the regulation of the pentose phosphate pathway.

The Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 was first discovered in India in October of November 2020. By the spring/summer of 2021 it became a variant of major concern. By November of 2021, the omicron variant had emerged from the Delta ancestor. ● . 1. Based upon the data below, calculate the maximum number of generations the SARS- Cov-2 virus could gone through beginning in April and ending in November of 2021. It has been estimated that the virus can go through 3-4 generations in patients who are not vaccinated or receiving anti-viral treatment. 2. The shift from Delta to Omicron was facilitated by the T478K mutation in the spike protein (at position 478, a single non-synonymous mutation, resulted in switching a tyrosine amino acid to a lysine). Assume that this mutation entered the viral population at frequency of 1 x 10-8 (this is the frequency of q in the 1st generation). Use the number of generations you calculated in part 1 and the equation below to estimate the value of w required to…

One of the earliest responses to cellular injury is a rapid increase in the levels of enzymes in the pentose phosphate pathway. About ten days after an injury, levels of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in heart tissue are 20 to 30 times higher than normal. However the levels of glycolytic enzymes are only 10% to 20% of normal. Explain this phenomenon.

Please describe four different modes of the regulation of the pentose phosphate pathway.

Consider an alternative glycolysis pathway that starts with the phosphorylation of glucose to give glucose-6-phosphate. This (hypothetical) pathway exists in a (hypothetical) organism that does not express glucose-6-phosphate isomerase. Instead, the next step of this hypothetical pathway is a Glucose-6-Phosphate Aldolase. Draw the product or products that would be obtain by the reaction of Glucose – 6 – Phosphate with Glucose – 6 Phosphate Aldolase. Assume the reaction is completely irreversible. Explain in 1-3 sentences how you obtained your answer

What enzyme will not be used if the oxidative portion of the pentose phosphate pathway is operating to produce ribose 5-phosphate? Ribulose 5-phosphate isomerase 6-phosphoglucono-lactonase 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase Transaldolase

Step 4 of the pentose phosphate pathway converts ribulose-5-phosphate to ribose-5-phosphate. Which glycolytic reaction does this reaction resemble and what type of enzyme catalyzes it?