Why might we expect real GDP per capita in California and Pennsylvania to exhibit convergence but not in California and Baja California, a state of Mexico that borders the United States? What changes would allow California and Baja California to converge?

> Consider the data in the table below: Per capita GDP, 2017 Saving rate (%) TFP (Ā) United States 1.000 23.5 1.000 Switzerland 1.151 28.8 1.052 Answer the following questions using the Solow growth model. 9. Assuming no differences in TFP (ignore the last column) and no differences in the rate of depreciation between the U.S. and Switzerland, use the data in the table to predict the ratio of per capita GDP of Switzerland relative to that of the U.S. in the steady states. How much percent richer is Switzerland than the U.S. in steady state? 10. Now do the same exercise assuming TFP is given by the levels in the last column. Now how much percent richer is Switzerland than the U.S. in steady state? Consider the data in the table below: Per сapita GDP, 2017

For a high-income economy like the United States, what element of the aggregate production function are most important in bringing about growth in per capita GDP? What about the middle-income country such as Brazil? A low-income country such as Niger?

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What information does this fact give us about the growth rates of other variables?