Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781319114671
Author: Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Why does the reaction proceed readily as written under physiological conditions? The reaction is pushed forward by the energetically favorable oxidation of fumarate to malate. The NADH produced during glycolysis drives the reaction in the direction of malate oxidation. The steady-state concentrations of the products are low compared with those of the substrates. Endergonic reactions such as this occur spontaneously without the input of free energy. Assuming an [NAD+]/[NADH] ratio of 8, a temperature of 25°C, and a pH of 7, what is the lowest [malate]/[oxaloacetate] ratio at which oxaloacetate can be formed from malate? [malate] [oxaloacetate] -
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Transcribed Image Text:Why does the reaction proceed readily as written under physiological conditions? The reaction is pushed forward by the energetically favorable oxidation of fumarate to malate. The NADH produced during glycolysis drives the reaction in the direction of malate oxidation. The steady-state concentrations of the products are low compared with those of the substrates. Endergonic reactions such as this occur spontaneously without the input of free energy. Assuming an [NAD+]/[NADH] ratio of 8, a temperature of 25°C, and a pH of 7, what is the lowest [malate]/[oxaloacetate] ratio at which oxaloacetate can be formed from malate? [malate] [oxaloacetate] -
The oxidation of malate by NAD to form oxaloacetate is a highly endergonic reaction under standard conditions. AG" = +29 kJ mol-¹ (+7 kcal mol-¹) Malate + NAD+=oxaloacetate + NADH + H+ The reaction proceeds readily under physiological conditions. Why does the reaction proceed readily as written under physiological conditions? The reaction is pushed forward by the energetically favorable oxidation of fumarate to malate. The NADH produced during glycolysis drives the reaction in the direction of malate oxidation. The steady-state concentrations of the products are low compared with those of the substrates. Endergonic reactions such as this occur spontaneously without the input of free energy.
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Transcribed Image Text:The oxidation of malate by NAD to form oxaloacetate is a highly endergonic reaction under standard conditions. AG" = +29 kJ mol-¹ (+7 kcal mol-¹) Malate + NAD+=oxaloacetate + NADH + H+ The reaction proceeds readily under physiological conditions. Why does the reaction proceed readily as written under physiological conditions? The reaction is pushed forward by the energetically favorable oxidation of fumarate to malate. The NADH produced during glycolysis drives the reaction in the direction of malate oxidation. The steady-state concentrations of the products are low compared with those of the substrates. Endergonic reactions such as this occur spontaneously without the input of free energy.
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Step 1: Change in Gibbs free energy under standard and physiological conditions
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Step 2: Why the malate dehydrogenase reaction takes place readily under physiological condition?
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Step 3: Calculation the lowest [malate]/[oxaloacetate] value
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