Which statement about perforation plates is FALSE? Perforation plate type may help in identification of timber. O b. Some woods have several types of perforation plates. The foraminate perforation plate looks like a ladder.

Estimate the Slab reinforcement for the given figure below. All the straight bottom bars are 10mm@400mm c/c. All offset bars 12mm@400mm c/c, All Additional Top bars 12mm@400mm c/c. The slab thickness is 150mm. Assume cover is 25mm & wall thickness is 200mm. Note: 1-Standard bar hook-(12db+4db) with bend. Answer should be made such as table below from bar No.1 to bar No.8 Bar No. Length (m) Weight(Kg) -4.70m- 2 opening (7) (4) 3.70m 400mm 8 6 Determine quantity of Steel in Kg for the Circular Sky-light in the figure above. Determine quantity of items below for given roof Figure above Concreter rate (1:1.5:3). y sand= 1835 kg/m³, y gravel = 2200 kg/m³ Item Unit Quantity Cement m3 Sand ton Gravel m3

Complete answer

A 4”x8” wood was tested for its compressive strength parallel to the grain. The max load at failure is 12,000kgf. Determine the compressive strength in MPA.

To the calculated area of cover plates of a build up beam, an allowance for rivet holes to be added is (a) 10% (b) 13% (c) 15% (d) 18%

2) Why Long rows of bolts ,perpendicular to grain fastened to a single cover plate, should be avoided? (support your answer with an illustration) 3) What are the consideration (in design) for the end of beams (including the deflection effect) ? (support your answer with an illustration) 4) What is timber seasoning? what are the advantages of timber seasoning 5) what is carriage bolt and its usage?