Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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**Antibody Structure and Function**

The diagram illustrates the different regions of an antibody. This particular image is used to identify which part of the antibody binds to an antigen and explain its significance.

**Diagram Explanation:**

1. **Region 1:** Represents the part of the antigen to which the antibody binds.
2. **Region 2:** The stem of the Y-shaped antibody known as the Fc region. It interacts with cell receptors and complement proteins.
3. **Region 3:** The hinge region allows for flexibility, enabling the antibody to adapt to the distance between epitopes.
4. **Region 4:** The light chain variable region responsible for binding antigens.
5. **Region 5:** The antigen-binding site, composed of both heavy and light chain regions to recognize and attach specifically to antigens.

**Multiple-Choice Explanation:**

- **Option 1:** Incorrect. Antibodies do not generate antibiotics.
- **Option 3:** Reflects flexibility but not direct antigen binding.
- **Option 4:** Indicates dimerization or complex formation, not primary antigen binding.
- **Option 5:** Correct. This region allows the antibody's specific recognition of an antigen.

In antibodies, the antigen-binding site (Region 5) is crucial for immune specificity and the subsequent immune response.
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Transcribed Image Text:**Antibody Structure and Function** The diagram illustrates the different regions of an antibody. This particular image is used to identify which part of the antibody binds to an antigen and explain its significance. **Diagram Explanation:** 1. **Region 1:** Represents the part of the antigen to which the antibody binds. 2. **Region 2:** The stem of the Y-shaped antibody known as the Fc region. It interacts with cell receptors and complement proteins. 3. **Region 3:** The hinge region allows for flexibility, enabling the antibody to adapt to the distance between epitopes. 4. **Region 4:** The light chain variable region responsible for binding antigens. 5. **Region 5:** The antigen-binding site, composed of both heavy and light chain regions to recognize and attach specifically to antigens. **Multiple-Choice Explanation:** - **Option 1:** Incorrect. Antibodies do not generate antibiotics. - **Option 3:** Reflects flexibility but not direct antigen binding. - **Option 4:** Indicates dimerization or complex formation, not primary antigen binding. - **Option 5:** Correct. This region allows the antibody's specific recognition of an antigen. In antibodies, the antigen-binding site (Region 5) is crucial for immune specificity and the subsequent immune response.
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