Which of the following would most likely increase a person's risk of invasion by pathogenic microbes? select all that apply  Increased action of cilia  Loss of epidermal tissue  Decreased urine flow  Decreased

Q: True or false Tolerance to commensal microbes can be broken and effector immune responses elicited…

A: The gastrointestinal (GI) epithelium is the layer of cells that lines the surface of the digestive…

Q: How does antibiotic therapy predispose a person to this condition?

A: A person suffering from PC/pseudomembranous colitis might experience the following symptoms: Watery…

Q: A.Where are T3 and T4 made? (cells, organ) B.What organ/or cells secrete them? (may differ from site…

A: Endocrine glands are distinguished from another type of gland in the body called the exocrine gland.…

Q: Increase in body temperature should increase the rate of metabolism of microbes instead of killing…

A: A fever is a body temperature that is higher than normal. A normal temperature can vary from person…

Q: Where are mucous membranes found in the bodyand what do they consist of? How do they preventpathogen…

A: The non-specific defense is provided to the body by the physical defense. The physical defense…

Q: : 1. Diagram (draw) the Gram positive cell wall. Be sure to label specific components of the…

A: The cell wall of gram-positive bacteria is composed of thick layers peptidoglycan. The cell wall of…

Q: describe in detail Ken's response to this stress.

A: The adrenal glands are the glands which are located on top of each of the kidney and are triangle…

Q: RMSF- Tickborn disease caused by intracelular bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii How do Rickettsia…

A: Rocky Mountain spotted fever(RMSF) is a bacterial disease spread by ticks.It is typically begins…

Q: Mucous membranes are quite thin and fragile. How can such delicate tissue provide defense against…

A: Answer. Mucous membranes are quite thin and fragile. The mucus physically traps microbes, contains a…

Q: What happens when there is a failure to protect at a portal of entry?

A: Portals are the entry sites of pathogens into the body through which they take entry inside the…

Q: With ischemia, which of the following occurs in cells? Decreased: 1) sodium diffusion into cells 2)…

A: Ischemia is the reduced blood flow causing a shortage of oxygen in the body. Reduced availability of…

Q: External defenses against microbial invasion include the_____and the mucous membranes that line…

A: 1= SKIN

Q: is a anti-inflammatory compound produced by certain bacteria that is found in higher levels in lean…

A: We know that The relative amounts of muscle, fat, bone, and water in the body, as well as body…

Q: Pathogen entry via aerosolized droplets is associated with ……………….mode of entry.

A: Aerosols are small small particles which have  less then 25 micrometre radius. Thay are really very…

Q: Intact skin and mucosal surfaces both contribute to the body’s physical defense. Compare and…

A: Explanation: Both of these surfaces have distinct qualities that contribute to their defensive…

Q: Write a short note on stress and inflammation

A: Stress may be a feeling of emotional or physical tension. It will come from any event or thought…

Q: Which is not an effector Tlymphocyte? cytoxic T lymphocyte helper T lymphocyte memory T lymphocyte

A: Human body has an extremely well developed immune system for the protection against pathogens. Human…

Q: How many types of “foreign molecules” (use the proper term where needed) does each cell recognize?…

A: Antigens can be classified according to their source: Antigens from outside the body Exogenous…

Q: A researcher is investigating a drug to prevent organ rejection; this drug selectively inhibits TH…

A: transplant rejection is a process by which a transplanted organ is rejected by the immune system of…

Q: Can you define the following terms: Triple response Hypophysis Phragmoplast

A: Triple response – it is an immunological term used to describe the skin's 3 cardinal circulatory…

Q: The yeast Candida albicans does not normally cause disease in a female's vagina because its growth…

A: Q. The yeast Candida albicans does not normally cause disease in a female's vagina because its…

Q: You implant a sample material subcutaneously in the back of a rabbit model in an effort to evaluate…

A: Injury, blood material interactions, provisional matrix construction, acute and chronic…

Q: What is the role of nephrons in the kidney?

A: Nephron Functional and structural unit of the kidney. Approximately 1 million Nephron per kidney.…

Q: Which is NOT a role of sebum in the innate immune system. Group of answer choices dehydrates…

A: Sebaceous glands are present on the skin. The glands are mostly present on the chin, forehead and…

Q: Explain the four principal mechanisms in moving contaminants across the cell membrane or uptake.

A: A cell is an integral unit of life and the basic component of the body organization in various…

Q: when we use interventions to lessen the symptoms of inflammation, such as ice for swelling, and…

A: Our body have different repsonse to different stimuli and inflammation is one of those response…

Q: suppose than individual's arm is cut, and because of this injury, bacteria are able to gain entry to…

A: When it comes to protecting the body then immune system is the system that acts as defense mechanism…

Q: For the past month, you have spent a lot of time in Florida and, while there, you decided to try eel…

A: Humans are infected with parasitic worms from the genus Gnathostoma through raw or undercooked food.…

Q: How inflammation takes part in different diseases

A: Inflammation is a process by which the host response is mediated against the foreign antigen or…

Q: When a mast cell reacts to an irritation, which of the following chemicals does it release?a.…

A: Immune cells of the myeloid lineage are mast cells .and are placed in connective tissues throughout…

Q: Which cell type is most important for the secondary response? Explain your answer.

A: The ability of an organism to fight against infections by pathogens is called Immunity. The Immune…

Q: ormal tissues contain resident macrophages, and connective tissue sites in the gastrointestinal…

A: As we know Cells of the immune system are majorly composed of white blood cells. These white blood…

Q: The fibers responsible for the "first pain" and the "second pain" are Type IA alpha fiber; C fibe…

A: Pain fibers There are different types of fibers that are responsible for carrying pain signals.…

Q: Explain the basic processes involved in maintaining fluid balance and electrolyte balance.

A: Electrolytes play an important role in regulating physiological functions including fluid balance,…

Q: Name 2 ways in which mucus helps defend us from pathogens.

A: It is a slippery , stringy fluid substance produced by many lining tissues in the body.

Q: . We commonly fight bacterial infections by developing a fever. Our body temperature may rise from a…

A: When the temperature of the body rises due to an infection, it is known as fever. Fever is caused by…

Q: Why do you suppose you become thirsty after eating salty foods?  Can you explain the circumstances…

A: The immune system checks the body for infections or problem-causing chemicals and fights any harmful…