Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question

Answer part C using the given table

Northern elephant seals (*Mirounga angustirostris*) were hunted to near extinction in the 1890s, with the population reduced to an estimated 20 to 30 individuals. Southern elephant seals (*Mirounga leonina*) have also been affected by human hunting, but populations of this species were not decimated to the extent that they were for the northern species. Genetic variation was examined for these two species. **Table: Genetic Variation in Elephant Seals** | Species | Total number of genes examined | # of genes with more than one allele | |----------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------------------------------------| | *M. angustirostris* (Northern) | 21 | 0 | | *M. leonina* (Southern) | 18 | 5 | *Data from Bonnell and Selander (1974) Science 184: 908–909.* **Questions:** **A. Which population has higher heterozygosity?** 1. Northern 2. Southern **B. Both populations have experienced a ______________.** 1. bottleneck 2. founder effect **C. Which of the following statements is best supported by the data?** 1. Natural selection has acted more strongly on the northern species. 2. There is significant gene flow between the northern and southern species. 3. The southern species has experienced more mutations than the northern species. 4. The northern species has experienced more fixation of alleles by genetic drift.
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Transcribed Image Text:Northern elephant seals (*Mirounga angustirostris*) were hunted to near extinction in the 1890s, with the population reduced to an estimated 20 to 30 individuals. Southern elephant seals (*Mirounga leonina*) have also been affected by human hunting, but populations of this species were not decimated to the extent that they were for the northern species. Genetic variation was examined for these two species. **Table: Genetic Variation in Elephant Seals** | Species | Total number of genes examined | # of genes with more than one allele | |----------------------------------|--------------------------------|--------------------------------------| | *M. angustirostris* (Northern) | 21 | 0 | | *M. leonina* (Southern) | 18 | 5 | *Data from Bonnell and Selander (1974) Science 184: 908–909.* **Questions:** **A. Which population has higher heterozygosity?** 1. Northern 2. Southern **B. Both populations have experienced a ______________.** 1. bottleneck 2. founder effect **C. Which of the following statements is best supported by the data?** 1. Natural selection has acted more strongly on the northern species. 2. There is significant gene flow between the northern and southern species. 3. The southern species has experienced more mutations than the northern species. 4. The northern species has experienced more fixation of alleles by genetic drift.
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