Which of the following must happen for long-term potentiation to occur in the hippocampus? O the postsynaptic cell responds to glutamate by opening AMPA receptors O the presynaptic cell must grow more axon terminals to synapse with the dendrites of the postsynaptic cell O a presynaptic neuron must release more acetylcholine neurotransmitter into the synapse O NMDA receptors must be unblocked so that they can respond to glutamate

You are a famous researcher working in your lab. You isolate a piece of muscle (call it Muscle A) and examine its innervations. You find a short preganglionic neuron synapsing onto a long postganglionic neuron, which synapses onto the muscle. Then you examine Muscle B and find a single neuron innervating it. Remembering your favourite physiology class, you instantly recognize what types of neuronal connections you will find on both Muscle A and Muscle B. First give 2 characteristics of the synapse onto Muscle A. Then give 2 ways in which the synapse of Muscle B will be different.

This a anatomy question

As the action potential (AP) propagates away from the axon hillock, why does it continue in one direction (downstream)? the region behind the AR is in absolute refractory period the region in front of the AP is in absolute refractory period they travel the path of least resistance the region behind the AP runs out of NA+ ions Both A and B

During the relative refractory period, a larger than normal stimulus is required to generate an action potential. Which of the following statement/s explains this situation? O the inside of the cell is hyperpolarized and farther away from threshold O potassium voltage gated channels closed too soon and prevented potassium ions entering the cell potassium voltage gated channels did not all close at the same time and more than the required number of potassium ions exited the cell a and c « Previous Next

Which of the following brain structures would be responsible for modifying motor signals coming down from the somatic motor cortex? O diencephalon O cerebral cortex brain stem O basal nuclei cerebellum Next « Previous

for the Spinothalamic Tract, can you show me a diagram for the pathway from the peripheral structures of the body to the location inthe brain.a. Label the location of each neuron's dendrites, cell body, and axon terminal.b. Label the location (nervous system region) of the synapses involved in this ascending pathway.c. Label the location (nervous system region) of decussations, if any.

NMDA receptors are responsible for potentiating transmission at the spinal cord 1. serotonergic and noradrenergic synapse 2. glutamatergic synapse 3. noradrenergic synapse only 4. serotonergic synapse only

The parasympathetic postganglionic neurons are cholinergic, but the sympathetic postganglionic neurons are catecholaminergic and secrete the neurotransmitter- O norepinephrine O acetylcholine

Neurotransmitter Glutamate GABA Acetylcholine (Ach) Dopamine Norepinephrine serotonin General Function (a few words) Primary excitatory neurotransmitter Location(s) Widespread throughout the brain mGluRs Receptors differ in distribution throughout brain Receptor subtypes AMPA, NMDA, (metabotropic!) GABAa (iontropic) Muscarinic (cortex) & nicotinic (muscles) D1-D5 Variety of metabotropic receptors Lots of subtypes.