Which of the following is true regarding the difference between graded and action potentials? a.) Action potential occur only when the surface of the neuron is myelinated, but graded potentials occur in both in both myelinated and non-myelinated neurons.  b.) The magnitude of action potential depends on the magnitude of the stimulus, whereas graded potentials are all or none.  c.) The magnitude of graded potential depends on the magnitude of the stimulus, whereas action potentials are all or none.

After the depolarisation phase of an action potential, the resting potential is restored by ______.   Question 15 options:   A)  the opening of voltage-gated potassium channels and the closing or inactivation of sodium channels.   B)  the opening of more voltage-gated sodium channels.   C)  a decrease in the membrane's permeability to potassium and chloride ions following closing of the chloride-potassium pump.   D)  a brief inhibition of the sodium-potassium pump.

What is a typical speed of action potential propagation in the absence of myelination?  (Not the maximum speed, just the typical speed). A) 1 m/min B) 1 m/sec C) 10 m/sec D) 100 m/sec E) 1000 m/sec

A neuron is moving from a voltage of -60 mV to -40 mV. This neuron is .... A) hyperpolarizing B) is making a contraction. C) repolarizing D)depolarizing

How is the choice of neurochemical to be released at a synapse determined? A) We don't have enough information to draw conclusions about how this process occurs. B) The postsynaptic structure signals its "choice" to the presynaptic structure. C) The presynaptic structure begins to release its neurochemical onto postsynaptic structures, which adapt by producing the appropriate receptors. D) The "choice" is determined by the genes of both the pre- and postsynaptic cells.

A sodium channel in a nerve membrane a)Inactivation gate closes when the membrane reaches ~+30 mV. b)Opens and closes quickly. c)Activation gate opens when the membrane reaches threshold voltage. d)'Resets' when the membrane reaches resting potential .

13) Draw a graph representing the changes in membrane potential across the axonal membrane before, during, and after an action potential. On your graph, use a highlighter to clearly indicate for which portions of your graph the letter corresponding to each cellular event listed below belongs. List of cellular events: A) All K* channels open B) All Na* channels close C) The Na*/K* ATPase cotransporter transports Na* and K* across the membrane. D) All Na* channels open E) The threshold value of membrane potential is attained. F) All K* channels close G) Some Na* channels open Your graph:

Name four types of glial cells in the Central Nervous System, and list a function for each of these cells: Type of glial cell Functions а. b. C. d. Name the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) glial cell that forms myelin: (0.5 points) Name the PNS glial cell that ssurrounds neuron cell bodies in ganglia:(0.5 points)

You identify a new neuron in the fruit fly's brain and find it contains acetylcholine. 1) Based on this identification, this neuron is (a) Excitatory, (b) Inhibitory, (c) Neither excitatory nor inhibitory, or (d) Either excitatory or inhibitory 2) Briefly explain your answer above. 3) How would you figure out your answer above? Briefly describe an experiment you would do. Edit Format Table

3) Neurons cannot respond during the absolute refractory period because: a) the concentration gradients for Na+ and K+ are reversed. b) the cell is below its normal resting membrane potential. c) voltage-gated Na+ channel activation gates are closed. d) voltage-gated Na+ channel inactivation gates are closed.