Which of the following is the most soluble? H2N ZI

Chemistry
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ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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Which of the following is the most soluble?

**Question:**
Which of the following is the most soluble?

**Options:**

1. ![Option 1](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/your-project/blob/main/primary-amide-structure.png)
2. ![Option 2](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/your-project/blob/main/primary-amine-structure.png)
3. ![Option 3](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/your-project/blob/main/tertiary-amine-structure.png)
4. ![Option 4](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/your-project/blob/main/ammonium-ion-structure.png)

**Description of Graphs/Diagrams:**

1. **Option 1:** This structure depicts a primary amide. It includes a central nitrogen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom and two carbon atoms forming an alkyl group.
2. **Option 2:** This structure depicts a primary amine. It consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms and one alkyl group.
3. **Option 3:** This structure depicts a tertiary amine. It consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to three alkyl groups.
4. **Option 4:** This structure depicts a quaternary ammonium ion. The nitrogen atom is bonded to three hydrogen atoms, forming an ammonium ion, indicated by a positive charge.

**Instructions to Students:**
- Analyze the solubility based on the functional groups present in each molecule.
- Consider the effect of hydrogen bonding and polarity in determining solubility.
- Select the molecule that is most soluble in water or aqueous solution.

**Explanation:**
Quaternary ammonium compounds are highly soluble in water due to the presence of a positive charge, which enhances their interaction with polar solvents like water.
Transcribed Image Text:**Question:** Which of the following is the most soluble? **Options:** 1. ![Option 1](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/your-project/blob/main/primary-amide-structure.png) 2. ![Option 2](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/your-project/blob/main/primary-amine-structure.png) 3. ![Option 3](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/your-project/blob/main/tertiary-amine-structure.png) 4. ![Option 4](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/your-project/blob/main/ammonium-ion-structure.png) **Description of Graphs/Diagrams:** 1. **Option 1:** This structure depicts a primary amide. It includes a central nitrogen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom and two carbon atoms forming an alkyl group. 2. **Option 2:** This structure depicts a primary amine. It consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms and one alkyl group. 3. **Option 3:** This structure depicts a tertiary amine. It consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to three alkyl groups. 4. **Option 4:** This structure depicts a quaternary ammonium ion. The nitrogen atom is bonded to three hydrogen atoms, forming an ammonium ion, indicated by a positive charge. **Instructions to Students:** - Analyze the solubility based on the functional groups present in each molecule. - Consider the effect of hydrogen bonding and polarity in determining solubility. - Select the molecule that is most soluble in water or aqueous solution. **Explanation:** Quaternary ammonium compounds are highly soluble in water due to the presence of a positive charge, which enhances their interaction with polar solvents like water.
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