### Which is more acidic? Explain your reasoning#### Molecular Structures:1. **2-methylpropanoic acid** (left) - Structural Formula: - Contains a carboxyl group (—COOH) attached to a carbon chain with a branching methyl group. - The structural formula is: H₃C-CH(CH₃)-COOH2. **Ethanoic acid** (right) - Structural Formula: - Consists of a simpler carboxyl group (—COOH) directly bonded to a methyl group (CH₃). - The structural formula is: CH₃-COOH#### Acidity Comparison Explanation:- **Stability of Conjugate Base**: The acidity of an acid is often related to the stability of its conjugate base. When an acid loses a hydrogen ion (H⁺), it forms its conjugate base. A more stable conjugate base means a more acidic parent acid. - **Ethanoic Acid**: - The conjugate base of ethanoic acid (acetate ion, CH₃COO⁻) is stabilized by resonance. The negative charge can be delocalized between the two oxygen atoms, which spreads out and stabilizes the charge. - **2-methylpropanoic Acid**: - The conjugate base of 2-methylpropanoic acid (isobutyrate ion, CH₃(CH₃)CHCOO⁻) lacks significant resonance stabilization. The presence of the additional methyl group donates electron density, which slightly destabilizes the negative charge on the conjugate base.- **Inductive Effects**: Electron-donating groups (like a methyl group) decrease acidity because they increase electron density on the conjugate base, making it less stable. - **Ethanoic Acid**: Has no extra electron-donating groups other than the methyl group attached directly to the carboxyl carbon. - **2-methylpropanoic Acid**: Has an additional methyl group attached to the alpha carbon. This increases electron density by an inductive effect, making the conjugate base less stable and thus making 2-methylpropanoic acid less acidic.In conclusion, **ethanoic acid (acetic acid)** is more acidic than **2-methylpropanoic acid (isobutyric acid)** because its conjug

The acid the substance which lose the Hydrogen atom . When the electron donating group is attached…

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Which is more acidic? Explain your reasoning H3C. OH ČH3 2-methylpropanoic acid ethanoic acid

Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781305960060

Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen

Publisher:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen

Chapter16: Amines And Amides

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 16.67E

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Concept explainers

Ionic Equilibrium

Chemical equilibrium and ionic equilibrium are two major concepts in chemistry. Ionic equilibrium deals with the equilibrium involved in an ionization process while chemical equilibrium deals with the equilibrium during a chemical change. Ionic equilibrium is established between the ions and unionized species in a system. Understanding the concept of ionic equilibrium is very important to answer the questions related to certain chemical reactions in chemistry.

Arrhenius Acid

Arrhenius acid act as a good electrolyte as it dissociates to its respective ions in the aqueous solutions. Keeping it similar to the general acid properties, Arrhenius acid also neutralizes bases and turns litmus paper into red.

Bronsted Lowry Base In Inorganic Chemistry

Bronsted-Lowry base in inorganic chemistry is any chemical substance that can accept a proton from the other chemical substance it is reacting with.

Question

### Which is more acidic? Explain your reasoning

#### Molecular Structures:
1. **2-methylpropanoic acid** (left)
- Structural Formula:
- Contains a carboxyl group (—COOH) attached to a carbon chain with a branching methyl group.
- The structural formula is: H₃C-CH(CH₃)-COOH

2. **Ethanoic acid** (right)
- Structural Formula:
- Consists of a simpler carboxyl group (—COOH) directly bonded to a methyl group (CH₃).
- The structural formula is: CH₃-COOH

#### Acidity Comparison Explanation:

- **Stability of Conjugate Base**:
The acidity of an acid is often related to the stability of its conjugate base. When an acid loses a hydrogen ion (H⁺), it forms its conjugate base. A more stable conjugate base means a more acidic parent acid.

- **Ethanoic Acid**:
- The conjugate base of ethanoic acid (acetate ion, CH₃COO⁻) is stabilized by resonance. The negative charge can be delocalized between the two oxygen atoms, which spreads out and stabilizes the charge.

- **2-methylpropanoic Acid**:
- The conjugate base of 2-methylpropanoic acid (isobutyrate ion, CH₃(CH₃)CHCOO⁻) lacks significant resonance stabilization. The presence of the additional methyl group donates electron density, which slightly destabilizes the negative charge on the conjugate base.

- **Inductive Effects**:
Electron-donating groups (like a methyl group) decrease acidity because they increase electron density on the conjugate base, making it less stable.
- **Ethanoic Acid**: Has no extra electron-donating groups other than the methyl group attached directly to the carboxyl carbon.
- **2-methylpropanoic Acid**: Has an additional methyl group attached to the alpha carbon. This increases electron density by an inductive effect, making the conjugate base less stable and thus making 2-methylpropanoic acid less acidic.

In conclusion, **ethanoic acid (acetic acid)** is more acidic than **2-methylpropanoic acid (isobutyric acid)** because its conjug

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