Whenever ice cream sales are high, polio cases are high. And whenever ice cream sales are low, polio cases are low. Ice cream sales and polio incidence are correlated, but there is no direct causal link between polio cases and ice cream sales. In other words...?   A. there is something else that causes both the changes in ice cream sales, and the changes in polio cases over the year.   B. eating ice cream causes people to visit swimming pools where polio is transmitted.   C. having polio causes people to eat more ice cream, but eating ice cream does NOT cause polio.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
icon
Related questions
Question

Whenever ice cream sales are high, polio cases are high. And whenever ice cream sales are low, polio cases are low. Ice cream sales and polio incidence are correlated, but there is no direct causal link between polio cases and ice cream sales. In other words...?

  A.

there is something else that causes both the changes in ice cream sales, and the changes in polio cases over the year.

  B.

eating ice cream causes people to visit swimming pools where polio is transmitted.

  C.

having polio causes people to eat more ice cream, but eating ice cream does NOT cause polio.

### Polio Rates / Ice Cream Sales 1949

This graph displays the relationship between polio cases and ice cream sales throughout the year 1949. It provides two data sets plotted over the months from January to December:

1. **Polio Cases**: Represented by blue diamonds and connected with a blue line. The y-axis on the left indicates the number of polio cases.
2. **Ice Cream Sales**: Denoted by pink squares and connected with a pink line. The right y-axis shows ice cream sales, scaled by multiplying the number of sales by 100 for interpretative purposes.

#### Observations:

- **Trend Over the Year**: Both polio cases and ice cream sales rise from January, peaking during the summer months, and then decline towards December.
- **Peak Months**: The highest number of cases and sales occur around August.
- **Correlation Suggestion**: While the graph visually suggests a correlation between the increase in polio cases and ice cream sales, this should be interpreted with caution, as correlation does not imply causation.

This graph serves as an educational tool in analyzing how observational data can indicate trends and associations, but it emphasizes the importance of further investigation into causative factors.
Transcribed Image Text:### Polio Rates / Ice Cream Sales 1949 This graph displays the relationship between polio cases and ice cream sales throughout the year 1949. It provides two data sets plotted over the months from January to December: 1. **Polio Cases**: Represented by blue diamonds and connected with a blue line. The y-axis on the left indicates the number of polio cases. 2. **Ice Cream Sales**: Denoted by pink squares and connected with a pink line. The right y-axis shows ice cream sales, scaled by multiplying the number of sales by 100 for interpretative purposes. #### Observations: - **Trend Over the Year**: Both polio cases and ice cream sales rise from January, peaking during the summer months, and then decline towards December. - **Peak Months**: The highest number of cases and sales occur around August. - **Correlation Suggestion**: While the graph visually suggests a correlation between the increase in polio cases and ice cream sales, this should be interpreted with caution, as correlation does not imply causation. This graph serves as an educational tool in analyzing how observational data can indicate trends and associations, but it emphasizes the importance of further investigation into causative factors.
Expert Solution
trending now

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

steps

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

Blurred answer
Knowledge Booster
Nutrition and Diet
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:
9780134580999
Author:
Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:
PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:
9781947172517
Author:
Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:
OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:
9781259398629
Author:
McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:
Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:
9780815344322
Author:
Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:
W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:
9781260159363
Author:
Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:
9781260231700
Author:
Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:
McGraw Hill Education