When traders and missionaries first went to the Hawaiian Islands, thenatives there experienced severe disease and high mortality ratesfrom smallpox, measles, and certain STDs. Explain whatimmunologic factors are involved in the devastating effects of newdiseases in previously unexposed populations.

Q: Qu8. Consider the following HIV/AIDS disease model. d = μ(K-S) - BSI = BSI - (h+u)AII? =hE-(k+u)BAA?…

A: AIDS(Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is caused by a retrovirus called HIV(Human immunodeficiency…

Q: Why does the author make sure to note that neither study "proved" that school closings decrease the…

A: The coronavirus, specifically referring to the ongoing pandemic, is caused by a novel coronavirus…

Q: If a patient was nonadherent to HIV drugs, in this case, what does nonadherent mean?

A: Medication adherence refers to the ratio of the drug dose taken by the patient against the total…

Q: What sequence of events would lead to the development of paralytic polio disease in these boys when…

A: The live attenuated oral polio vaccine contains weak but alive polio virus and it is given orally ,…

Q: Influenza viruses mutate rapidly, whereas the chickenpox virus doesnot. Why are people encouraged to…

A: Vaccination can be defined as the process in which there is the administration of the vaccine. The…

Q: Name at least two major ways in which natural and artifi cial immunities are different.

A: Immunity refers to every mechanism of the body that helps to protect the body from harmful foreign…

Q: How would you test to assure that a chickenpox vaccine was effective against chickenpox and…

A: Vaccines are a part of the adaptive immune system. It helps the immune system to recognize the…

Q: There are no longer any cases of deadly smallpox in the world because

A: Smallpox is a viral disease caused by Variola virus. It is highly contagious disease characterised…

Q: Observing figure , indicate whether each method (a) through(f) is phenotypic, genotypic, or…

A: Phenotype is the observable characteristics that result from interaction of genotype with the…

Q: It is said that a vaccine does not prevent infection; rather, it primes theimmune system to undergo…

A: Vaccines are known to have reduced the impact of many infectious diseases. Vaccination is defined as…

Q: Can understanding the evolutionary origin ofHIV help researchers devise better ways to treat AIDS…

A: The clinical acronym AIDS stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. It is a chronic,…

Q: When traders and missionaries first went to Hawaiian Islands, the native there experienced severe…

A: IntroductionWhen traders and missionaries first arrived in the Hawaiian Islands, the native…

Q: Viruses that cause serious diseases in infants are ........... and ............. a. mumps,…

A: A virus is a very small submicroscopic agent that is known for causing infections in its host…

Q: What is a major mechanism by which HIV damages the immune system in AIDS?

A: Viruses can spread through various agents such as air, water, direct contact, and by other means.…

Q: what type of immunity is responsible for aggulutination of viruses

A:

Q: Kaposi sarcoma occurs relatively rarely inpeople who are infected with humanherpesvirus 8, but are…

A: A type of skin cancer that can form masses in lymph nodes, skin and other organs, which are usually…

Q: Why can bird flu H5N1 infect humans?

A: Bird flu is caused by a special type of influenza virus. It rarely affects humans. But are two…

Q: 04. Which vaccine is not administered to children known to have AIDS a) BCG b) OPV c) Measles d) All…

A: Public health interventions like vaccination prevent infectious diseases. It involves giving a…

Q: Students in our classes sometimes ask how it is possible for a singleenteric carrier to infect 1,000…

A: An outbreak is a sudden increase in the occurrence of a disease. It can be community or…

Q: It is said,that disease are spreading faster due to globalisation and increased movement of…

A: The disease is caused by pathogens. Pathogens are disease-causing organisms. There are two types of…

Q: What is the function of the major product of the unedited Ebola virus glycoprotein gene during…

A: The Ebola virus first emerged in 1976. Since then it has caused hemorrhagic fever in many countries.…

Q: Why is AIDS difficult toprevent by vaccination?

A: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a condition that causes damage to the immune system of…

Q: Why haven’t scientists been able to develop vaccines against HIVand the common cold?

A: HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is an RNA virus that causes AIDS in humans. It attacks the immune…

Q: Discuss clonal selection theory in human physiology and it's applications in rubella infection in 6…

A: Measles is caused by Rubeola virus, which belongs to the Paramyxovirus family. It is an acute…

Q: Viruses have countered the specific immune defense systems by developing “disabling” or “evasion”…

A: Answer :- As we know that It is deep rooted that the viruses have developed wide assortment of…

Q: People who don’t have HIV also sometimesget OIs, such as shingles or candidiasis.How would you…

A: The immune system composed of cells, tissues, proteins, and organs. Its main function is to protect…

Q: What does it mean if a person tells you heor she just had an AIDS test, and it wasnegative? What…

A: Human Immunodeficiency virus is the world's most dangerous and deadliest virus known to human beings…

Q: H1N1 and H5N2 can undergo an antigenic shift. The H and N genes are independent gene segments. What…

A: Antigenic drift signifies the mixing of different inflenza genes from different species.  Influenza…

Q: Cytomegaloviruses are a widespread and diverse group of:(a) Cytoviruses (b) Retroviruses(c)…

A: A virus is a very small submicroscopic agent that is known for causing infections in its host…

Q: How are endothelia involved with blood clotting?

A: Hi! As you have posted multiple questions, I will be answering the first one for you. If you need…

Q: When traders and missionaries fi rst went to the Hawaiian Islands, the natives there experienced…

A: In science, immunity is the capacity of multicellular creatures to oppose harmful microorganisms.…

Q: immunological condition

A: Immune system is an elaborate network of cells, tissues, and organs that helps the body…

Q: a. What specific host defenses do immunodeficient, cancer, andAIDS patients lack that make them so…

A: The body is protected against various pathogenic or infectious particles called microbes through an…

Q: why are vaccines essential in prevention against stds and any other diseases?

A: We should know that vaccines help in the acquisition of active acquired immunity for the patient.…

Q: How can a virus pandemic end?

A: Answer :  A Pandemic is an epidemic that spread to multiple continents of the world with a high…

Q: 1. What kind of disease is COVID-19? 2. What is the causative agent of COVID-192 3. How does a…

A: Introduction The virus can directly effect our physical well-being and health by causing respiratory…

Q: 64. A 56-year-old man has a 3-week history of fever and malaise, and a 6.8-kg (15-lb) weight loss…

A: Cervical adenopathy: It is a medical term used to describe enlarged lymph nodes in the neck region.…

Q: How does HIV affect the Helper T-Cell

A: HIV is human immunodeficiency virus that causes the disease AIDS. Helper T cells are the part of…

Q: what host cell is most important in HIV-1 progression to AIDS and why?

A: A Cell that offers shelter and food to an international organism is known as a Host Cell. When two…

Q: Match the following diseases and disorders to the correct defin A. Allergy/Hypersensitivity B.…

A: As we know The immune system is such system that protects or take care  the body from foreign…

Q: hospital in Vienna noted that many of their female patients were dying of "childbed fever" after…

A: This passage is related to deaths occurring from puerperal sepsis or childbed fever. This was due to…

Q: Two newly developed vaccine candidates (A and B) are tested in mice for their ability to elicit high…

A: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve the first three subparts for…

Q: 54-y/o woman comes for the office examination. She has been experiencing periods of heat…

A: The thyroid gland is a bilobed gland that belongs to the category of endocrine glands. It is located…

Q: The ______ phase of HIV infection is asymptomatic. This is the phase in which HIV replication…

A: Introduction :  AIDS, also known as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, is a chronic, potentially…

Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.