When light passes from air into glass (as shown in the figure) what happens to the light?

A 4.00-m-long pole stands vertically in a freshwater lake having a depth of 2.00 m. The Sun is 40.0° above the horizontal. Determine the length of the pole’s shadow on the bottom of the lake.

A beam in air strikes a glass ball as shown in Figure 37.8. Draw the reflected ray.

You have just installed a new bathroom in your home. Your shower doors have frosted glass to provide privacy for the person using the shower. The frosted surface is on the outside of the shower door, facing the rest of the bathroom. The frosting is done by acid etching the surface so that light incident on the rough surface is scattered in all directions. Proud of your new bathroom, you take a photo of it with your smartphone. You notice in the photograph that you can see a reflection of the flash in the shower doors and the reflection is surrounded by a halo of light. Curious, you turn on a laser pointer and aim it at the shower door. Looking closely at the reflection, you again see a halo that consists of a dark area surrounding the reflection of the pointer and then an area of brightness outside this dark ring. You grab a micrometer and a ruler and measure the thickness of the glass to be 6.35 mm and the inner radius of the bright halo to be 10.7 mm. From these measurements, you determine the index of refraction of the glass.

Show that when light reflects from two mirrors that meet each other at a right angle, the outgoing ray is parallel to the incoming ray, as illustrated below.

Repeat Exercise 27.70, but take the light to be incident at a 45° angle.

Light passes from a material with index of refraction 1.3 into one with index of refraction 1.2. Compared with the incident ray, what happens to the refracted ray? (a) It bends toward the normal. (b) It is undeflected. (c) It bends away from the normal.

The index of refraction for water is about 43. What happens as a beam of light travels from air into water? (a) Its speed increases to 43c, and its frequency decreases. (b) Its speed decreases to 34c, and its wavelength decreases by a factor of 34. (c) Its speed decreases to 34c, and its wavelength increases by a factor of 43. (d) Its speed and frequency remain the same. (e) Its speed decreases to 34c, and its frequency increases.

A light ray initially in water enters a transparent substance at an angle of incidence of 37.0, and the transmitted ray is refracted at an angle of 25.0. Calculate the speed of light in the transparent substance.