What would be the best measure of the evolutionary fitness of individuals, from the options available? Measure the percent of individuals with certain genotypes in a population Measure the average lifespan of individuals with certain genotypes in a population Measure the average number of offspring of individuals with certain genotypes in a population

What would be the best measure of the evolutionary fitness of individuals, from the options available? Measure the percent of individuals with certain genotypes in a population Measure the average lifespan of individuals with certain genotypes in a population Measure the average number of offspring of individuals with certain genotypes in a population

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter19: Population Genetics And Human Evolution

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QP

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Which of these individuals has the highest relative fitness? An individual that produces 999 offspring in a population where the average number of offspring is 1000 An individual that produces 5 offspring in a population where the average number of offspring is 1000 An individual that produces 5 offspring in a population where the average number of offspring is 4 An individual that produces no offspring, but has the highest muscle mass in population
Which of the following are arguments against the expression "survival of the fittest"? Choose all that apply. (1, 2, 3, or 4 could be correct) "Fittest" implies absolute fitness, when relative fitness of one genotype compared to others is more important "Fittest" makes it sound like it is about physical fitness, when whether an individual reproduces may depend on other traits "Fittest" makes it sound like an individual will be fit in all environments, when in reality the same genotype may have different fitness in different environments Reproduction is more important than survival for transmitting genetic differences to progeny
Calculate selection for the following scenario. In a population of prairie dogs living on a prairie, prairie dogs with genotype aa have 8 offspring per year on average, those with genotype Aa have 4 offspring per year on average, and those with genotype AA have 3 offspring per year on average. Round selection to the nearest hundredth, report selection as a value ranging from "0.00" to "1.00" Selection on genotype Aa: Selection on genotype AA: Selection on genotype aa: Which genotype has the highest fitness? Fill in the blank with homozygous dominant, heterozygous, or homozygous recessive
If all of the following individuals belonged to the same generation in the same population, who had the highest fitness? O a ballet dancer who has 4 offspring and lives to be 80 years old O a golfer who has 2 offspring and lives to be 23 years old O a body builder who does not reproduce and lives to be 101 years old O a rock climber who has 10 offspring and lives to be 33 years old
Which of the following statements about genetic fitness and/or selection is false? Group of answer choices Individuals with low fitness have greater selection coefficients Fitness involves both relative viability and reproductive success Individuals with high fitness have greater selection coefficients Selection against recessive alleles tends to be slower overall than dominant alleles because of the survival in heterozygotes
Calculate selection for the following scenario. In a population of prairie dogs living on a prairie, prairie dogs with genotype AA have 9 offspring per year on average, those with genotype Aa have 5 offspring per year on average, and those with genotype aa have 8 offspring on average. Round selection to the nearest hundredth, report selection as a value ranging from "0.00" to "1.00" • Selection on genotype Aa: • Selection on genotype AA: • Selection on genotype aa: Which genotype has the highest fitness? Fill in the blank with homozygous dominant, heterozygous, or homozygous recessive
Based on the data shown in the graph, select the statements that describe what happens whenever one sex becomes rare or common. When one sex becomes rare, parents producing that sex have higher fitness due to a higher probability of mating success in their offspring. The rare sex becomes more common. When one sex becomes common, parents producing that sex have reduced fitness due to a lower probability of mating success in their offspring. The common sex becomes rarer. When one sex becomes rare, the other sex becomes common due to random fluctuations in the production of male and female offspring. The fitness of the parents is not affected. When one sex becomes either more rare or more common, parents produce an equal number of sons and daughters. The sex ratio returns to an equal number of males and females.
Which of the following alleles would most likely be in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium? An allele in a population of cichlid fishes that codes for stronger more streamlined fins An allele for muscle mass in male gorillas which allows them to better compete for females An allele in a population of squirrels that causes them to have fır between their paws and has no effect on their survival and reproduction An allele in a population of peacocks that codes for brighter tales in males
There are two traits in moths: light color and dark color. If a population has 60%of the moths with the light color, using Hardy-Weinberg, what can be predicted about the offspring of the population if no environmental factors are present? 40%of the offspring will be dark in color 40%of the offspring will be light in color 60%of the offspring will be dark in color 50%of the offspring will be each color
What does it mean that an allele increases an organism's fitness? Choose one of the following: it increases the likelihood of that organism surviving and reproducing in their current environment it increases the health and strength of the organism it increases the likelihood of that organism surviving and reproducing in ANY environment
The table below records information on a gene with two alleles, Z and Y, in four different populations. Use this information to answer the following questions. What evolutionary mechanism has most likely determined the frequency of allele Z in population B? Population Frequency of allele Z Population size Fitness of ZZ Fitness of ZY Fitness of YY A 1.0 200 0.84 0.84 1.0 B 0 320,000 0.84 0.84 1.0 C 0.93 130,000 0.84 0.84 1.0 D 0.99 1,450,000 1.0 1.0 0.62 A.) natural selection B.) mutation C.) genetic drift D.) migration
Consider a gene with two alleles, C and M. The table below describes fitness for different genotypes in two populations. Fitness CC CM MM Population 1 1.0 1.0 0.6 Population 2 0.9 0.9 1.0 Assume that both populations begin with frequencies of 0.5 for each allele, population size is infinite, and there is no migration between populations. Would you predict that either allele would become fixed in either population?