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What would be the effect of varying salinity levels to the opercular movement of freshwater milkfish?
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- a) The process by which salmon maintain an internal balance is called osmoregulation. Describe how salmon achieve osmoregulation as they migrate between fresh and saltwater environments. b) Describe what happens to salmon in fresh water. What direction do solutes tend to move via diffusion? What direction does water tend to move via osmosis?1) How do the plasma osmolarity and sodium concentrations of the body fluids in hagfish compare to that of teleosts and lamprey? A) Both are much lower in hagfish B) Both are much higher in hagfish C) Hagfish have a similar plasma osmolarity to teleosts and lamprey but a much lower sodium concentration. D) Hagfish have a similar Na+ concentration in their plasma to teleosts and lamprey but a much greater plasma osmolarity overall.Some animals are osmoconformers, meaning that they maintain the tonicity/osmolarity of their body fluids equal to that of the external environment. Hydroids, a type of cnidarian, are osmoconformers. But they don't move and thus are adapted to the environment they live in. A) What would happen if you take a marine hydroid and transfer it into a freshwater aquarium? B) What would happen if you take a freshwater hydroid and transfer it into a saltwater aquarium? C) Sharks are extraordinary osmoconformers. Bull sharks store urea in their tissues and use it to match the tonicity of their tissues to that of the surrounding environment. Some sharks can move from saltwater to freshwater, hypothesize what changes will sharks do in order to adjust when moving from saltwater to freshwater and vice versa. Explain your answer in terms of tonicity and specify the direction of water movement and urea concentration.
- Both saltwater and freshwater fish have adaptations to control the movement of water and salts across their external surfaces. Describe what would happen without these adaptations.A marine invertebrate such as the anemone is described as an 1.) Osmoregulator 2.) Osmomanipulator 3.) Osmoconformer 4.) Osmosupressor 5.) OsmodictatorMost marine invertebrates are osmotic conformers. How does their body fluid differ from that of sharks and rays, which are also in near osmotic equilibrium with their environment?
- What are the osmotic challenges faced by marine animals like fish? Describe how they cope with these challenges to maintain solute and water balance in their tissues.Warm-blooded animals have a narrow range of body tem-perature because their bodies have a high water content. Explain.Imagine a saltwater fish is placed into freshwater. What would happen on a cellular level? How are fish like salmon, who spend the first part of their life in the ocean and then travel to freshwater to spawn, able to overcome potential physiological consequences? Describe three adaptations salmon use to overcome the salinity changes encountered.
- Sharks live in marine (saltwater) habitats and are osmoconformers. Based on this information which of the following is/are true (select all that apply): A. Sharks have tissues/body fluids that are isoosmotic relative to the environment B. Sharks have tissues/body fluids that are hypoosmotic relative to the environment C. Sharks devote considerable energy to osmoregulation D. Sharks do not devote much energy to osmoregulationDiscuss the contrasting osmotic problems faced by freshwater and marine teleost fish, and the mechanism by which these fish address these problems in order to remain in osmotic balance.If osmoregulatory hypotonic fish species are generally bony fish and osmoregulatory hypertonic fish species are generally soft and absorbent. Does it mean the reason for them being soft or bony from an evolutionary standpoint gives reason to why they are formed that way? Basically what I'm trying to ask is whether they are hypotonic or hypertonic, does it have a correlation to why they are bony or muscular like in structure.