What structural features are shared by spliceosomes(Figures 8-16 and 8-17) and ribosomes? Why are bothstructures used to support the RNA World theory?

Q: So the spliceosome is a structure that allows RNA splicing to occur, expelling the introns. Does…

A: spliceosome is a RNP complex found in eukaryotic Nucleus and is responsible for removal of introns…

Q: What evidence supports the view that ribosomal RNAs are a more important component of the ribosome…

A: The discovery of ribozymes was the first indication of rRNA's importance (catalyze peptide- bond…

Q: They are related in str They have identical ba C) they are the result of a

A: Proteins are composed of amino acids, which are bound together by peptide linkage. Amino acids…

Q: What are the three major types of RNA molecules? How is eachrelated to the concept of information…

A: Ribonucleic acid is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding,…

Q: Christian Anfinsen showed that the enzyme Ribonuclease (RNase) is completely inactivated at high…

A: In the 1950s, Christian Anfinsen performed a series of studies. He discovered that all the…

Q: Consider a portion of a gene in a cell with the sequence TTTTT. Which of the following bases would…

A: The correct answer is C) A-A-A-A-A; nucleus .

Q: RNA has many functions in a cell. Besides mRNA, which carries information from the genome to the…

A: RNA is a nucleic acid which is present in all living cells. It has structural similarities to DNA…

Q: Consider the following in light of the concept of levels of structure (primary, secondary, tertiary,…

A: In double stranded DNA structure two strands run in anti-parallel directions through base pairing…

Q: The following picture drawing represents co-translation in E. coli. Answer the questions: A. Which…

A: Using the signal recognition particle (SRP), the co-translational route transports secretory…

Q: Consider the following wild-type double-stranded DNA sequence: 5' TATGAA AGT3 non-transcribed strand…

A: A gene mutation that results from the substitution of one base pair of another. TATGAAAGT non…

Q: Given that out of the 64 codons of MRNA, 61 codify amino acids that form polypeptide chains, what…

A: As there are 20 amino acids and 64 possibilities of mRNA codons. There it is expected some amino…

Q: The following DNA sequence corresponds to the complete coding sequence of a gene that codes for a…

A: mRNA codons are used to determine sequence in the original DNA and anticodons of tRNA.  tRNA…

Q: What is the minimum number of tRNA molecules that a cell must contain in order to translate all 61…

A: A transfer RNA is adaptor molecule composed of RNA having 76 to 90 nucleotides in length.

Q: The primary protein structure is shown in Figure 9-3(a).Where in the mRNA (near the 5′or 3′end)…

A: The proteins are assembled as amino acid sequences, joined together with bonds, and folded into…

Q: What are two major similarities between protein synthesis in bacteria and in eukaryotes? What are…

A: DNA is the carrier of genetic material in almost all living organisms except a few RNA viruses. DNA…

Q: Geneticists have found that when they cut out a eukaryotic gene from genomic DNA that they can…

A: Splicing  The removal of introns (non coding part of gene) from pre mature RNA.

Q: In which reading frame will this mRNA be read? 5’- A C A G A U G C A A G U C U A A U G A C G - 3’…

A: Ans- b ) 2nd This mRNA will be read in the 2nd reading frame.

Q: translation in prokaryotes

A: Translation is the mechanism to synthesis of peptide chain from mRNA sequence. The initiation of…

Q: Discuss why you think the ribosomes need to contain so many proteins and rRNA molecules. Does it…

A: Ribosomes are present in both plant and animal cells. they are present in both prokaryotic and…

Q: The following are sequences from three different alpha helices found in human proteins:…

A: The proteins are constituted of twenty naturally occurring amino acids connected via peptide…

Q: How can RNA be described as ‘single-stranded’ if it is capable of producing these complicated…

A: Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) is a molecule that is necessary for the transfer of genetic information from…

Q: 2a) In prokaryotes, a small ribosomal subunit can potentially get on an mRNA anywhere it can find…

A: The translation is the process of polymerization of amino acids to form polypeptides or protein. It…

Q: The amino acid sequence for a short peptide is Tyr-Leu-Thr-Ala. What are the possible base sequences…

A: Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used for synthesizing of a…

Q: What are the three most common forms of RNA? What roles do they play in the cell?

A: Despite the fact that DNA stores the data for protein amalgamation and RNA does the directions…

Q: The figure below shows a ribosome in the process of translating an mRNA with a sequence:…

A: Translation is a process in which a single stranded RNA sequence formed at the end of transcription…

Q: In Figure 9-12, is the terminal amino acid emerging fromthe ribosome encoded by the 5′or 3′end of…

A: Translation is a process by which amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds thereby forming…

Q: s of RNA and briefly explain their functional significance. In what reaction(s) do they participate?

A: Classification of RNA and DNA based on molecular size and function is vital to understand genetic…

Q: During planetary exploration a new life form is discovered which has a DNA genome containing 6…

A: Hereditary qualities is a part of science related to the investigation of genes, hereditary variety,…

Q: List three types of noncoding RNA and describe theirfunctions.

A: RNA is a ribonucleic acid that helps within the synthesis of proteins in the body. This nucleic acid…

Q: What kind of bond is created between successive amino acids in a protein? If there are more codon…

A: Proteins are made up of chemical 'building blocks' called amino acids. Nucleotide is the basic…

Q: How many nucleotides would be carried on a strip of mRNA with 10 codons?

A: RNA is the nucleic acids similar to the DNA and contains uracil instead of the thymine. It plays…

Q: Why is rRNA so suitable for determining relatedness?

A: Cells form life's basic unit. A cell has different macromolecules, including carbohydrates,…

Q: If an RNA molecule could form a hairpin with asymmetric internal loop, as shown in Figure Q6–5,…

A: The nucleic acid is a significant macromolecule found in all living organisms. The molecule is…

Q: a) Examine the nudeotide sequence below, and determine the amino acid sequence encoded by this mRNA.…

A: a) The nucleotide and translated mRNA and amino acid sequences are given below: GGA GGC CTG GCC TAC…

Q: Name the three major types of RNA s,specifying the function of each in the synthesis of polypeptide?

A: RNA stands for Ribonucleic acid. RNA is single-stranded, and it has a backbone of ribose sugar and…

Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.