What is the role of an association area? Where are theylocated in reference to the primary sensory cortices?
What is the role of an association area? Where are they
located in reference to the primary sensory cortices?
The brain is a powerful organ that controls all the functions of the body. The brain is enclosed in a protective bony structure called skull, the brain has three main parts : cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is divided into left and right hemispheres controlling the functions of both sides of the body. Cerebellum is located under the cerebrum and functions to coordinate muscle movements. The brainstem connects the cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal cord. The thalamus is involved in regulating the signal transduction between the target body parts and the brain. The hypothalamus mainly serves as a link between the nervous system and the endocrine system in conjunction with the pituitary gland.
Cerebral cortex is the layer of grey matter on the outside of the cerebrum. The cerebral cortex has ridges and grooves on its surface. These ridges are called gyri (plural; single - gyrus) and the small grooves on either side of the gyrus are called sulci (plural; single - sulcus) whereas the large grooves are called fissures. The cerebral cortex is divided into lobes named as the bones of the skull.- frontal lobe, parietal lobe and temporal lobe and one located way back of the skull is called the occipital lobe and deeper subcortical structures. The cerebral cortex is the most complex part of the Nervous system, and the most complex types of information processing and functions of the nervous system occur in the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex is divided into left and right cerebral hemispheres by a large groove called medial longitudinal fissure.
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