What is the purpose of an instruction set architecture (ISA) in computer systems?

Programs written for zero-address, one-address, or two-address architecture are more likely to be longer (have more instructions). Why?

How are SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data) and MIMD (Multiple Instruction, Multiple Data) paradigms applied in ALU instructions, and what are the advantages of each in parallel processing?

a) The circuitry of a microprocessor comprises conductive routes referred to as buses. As a consequence, current is permitted to flow between the various components. As a microprocessor specialist, classify and characterise these buses and their functions. b) In a microprocessor, what is the difference between data and instructions?

Describe how microprogramming can be used to implement complex ALU instructions efficiently.