What is the lattice energy of CaBr2? Use the given information below. Heat of formation for CaBr2 = -683.25 kJ/mol Heat of sublimation for Ca = 178.20 kJ/mol 1st ionization energy for Ca = 589.50 kJ/mol 2nd ionization energy for Ca = 1145.00 kJ/mol Bond dissociation energy for Br2 = 190.00 kJ/mol Electron affinity of Br = -325.00 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization for Br2 = 30.90 kJ/mol

Question 5

Using available information, determine the energy change for the formation of the IONIC solid lithium fluoride using lithium and fluorine atoms, i.e. Li(g) + F (g) → LiF(s). IE1(Li) = 500 kJ/mole EA(F) = -300 kJ/mole Lattice energy (LiF) = -1000 kJ/mole

c) Explain which would have the lowest second ionization energy. Explain which species in each of the following pairs would have the greater electronegativity. a. lithium or nitrogen b. sulfur or selenium Consider the following table of ionization energies in kJ/mole. Element 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th Na 496 4562 6912 9544 13353 16610 738 1451 7733 Mg Al 10540 13630 17995 18378 578 1817 2745 11577 14831 Si 786 1577 3232 4356 16091 19785 P 1012 1903 2912 4957 6274 21269 a. Explain why the first ionization energy generally increases as one goes down the group of elements listed above. b. Explain why for a particular element , the second ionization energy is greater than the first jonization energy, the third is greater than the second etc. c. Explain why Mg has a higher first ionization energy than does Na, but a lower second ionization energy than does Na. d. Explain why for aluminum there is a large increase in ionization from 3rd to 4th