What is the formula used for encryption of data using affine cipher(a,b are constants and x is the numerical equivalent of a letter to be encrypted)? 1. ax+b 2. (ax+b)%26 3. a(x^2) +bx 4. (a(x^2) +bx)%26

Alice and Bod have decided to use a symmetric encryption algorithm. They have some assumptions about their messages:- Messages only contain capital letters (i.e. A to Z)- The length of their shared key must be greater than or equal to the length of the plaintext- They assign each letter a number as follows: (A,0), (B,1), (C,2), (D,3),…, (Z,25)Their algorithm combines the key and the message using modular addition. The numerical values of corresponding message and key letters are added together, modulo 26. For example, if the plain text is “HELLO” and the key is “SECRET” then the encrypted message is calculated as following:Since the length of the plaintext is 5, we just need the first 5 letters of the key (i.e. “SECRE”), then for each letter, we should add corresponding letters in both the plaintext and the key modulo 26.Plaintext: H (7) E (4) L (11) L (11) O (14)Key: S (18) E (4) C (2) R (17) E(4)Cipher: Z (25) I (8) N(13) C(2) S (18) Write a program in Python, C/C++ or JavaScript to…

Perform Encryption and decryption using the RSA algorithm for the following: a. p=5; q = 11; e = 3; M = 12 b. p= 3; q = 17; e = 7; M = 2 c. p=7; q = 19; e = 11; M = 5 d. p= 7; q = 13; e = 11; M = 8 e. p= 13; q = 23; e = 5; M = 10

A simple cyclic substitution cipher replaces each English letter with one that is n letters away in the alphabet. What is the plaintext for the following ciphertext, which was encrypted using a simple substitution cipher: XWNVTMBHG BL PATM KXFTBGL TYMXK T IXKLHG ATL YHKZHWWXG PATM HGX ATL EXTKGXW BG LVAHHE