What fundamental structure organization allows both chloroplasts and mitochondria to establish a chemiosmotic gradient? a. Phospholipid bilayer b. Double membrane c. Electron transport chain d. Cytochrome complex

Which of these elements of the cytoskeleton is composed of tubulinand forms essential components of centrioles, spindle fibers, cilia,and flagella?a. actin filaments b. intermediate filaments c. microtubules

Why should it not be surprising that for many cells water requires a protein for its transport across a membrane? A. There is never a concentration gradient for water across the membrane to drive its transport. B. The transport protein is needed to prevent the hydrolysis of the phospholipid chains as water crosses the membrane. C. Water is very polar which inhibits its free diffusion across the membrane. D. All molecules require transport proteins to cross a membrane.    In the mitochondria phosphate ion (PO43-) and H+ are transported together from the intermembrane space into the matrix. Which statement applies? A. The interior of the transport protein must be uncharged. B. The transport protein must have a relatively large central channel to accommodate both ions. C. The transport protein is a symport. D. All of the above

Which of the following would be a location where complexes of the electron transport chain could be found in plant cells? Select one: a. matrix of mitochondria b. thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts c. outer membrane of mitochondria d. cytoplasm e. stroma of chloroplasts

Which of the following cell organelles contains RNA? a. Mitochondria b. Plastids c. Lysosomes d. Ribosomes

Why can't ions like sodium (Na+) or potassium (K+) diffuse directly through the phospholipid bilayer?   A. Ions can only use active transport to move through the membrane B. Ions are hydrophobic and are repelled by the polar membrane C. Ions are polar and are repelled by the nonpolar part of the membrane D. Ions need to become stable before entering the cell

In animal cells, lysosomes are the organelles in charge of digesting enzymes withnutrients that the cell consumes. If all the lysosomes in a cell were to break, what wouldwould initially happen to the cell?A. Molecules within it would degrade.B. It would lose all the water in the cytoplasm.C. There would be no cellular respiration.D. No proteins would form.

Imagine a cell can perform exocytosis, but only minimalendocytosis. What would happen to the cell?a. The cell would secrete all its intracellular proteins.b. The plasma membrane would increase in size overtime.c. The cell would stop expressing integral receptorproteins in its plasma membrane.d. The cell would lyse.

Which one of the following organelles is considered as the "energy producing" centre of the cell? A. rough endoplasmic reticulum B. Golgi apparatus C. mitochondria D. ribosomes

Which structure within the cell produces ATP (adenosine triphosphate)? A. the mitochondria B. the nucleus C. peripheral proteins D. the endoplasmic reticulum