What facts led up to the Enron scandal? How did the corporate structure allow or even encourage the Enron scandal? What lessons can be learned about the importance of ethical considerations in structuring corporate leadership? Were there any other ethical issues?

3) Why should managers should behave ethically? Summarize the reasons and give an example that you have experienced, witnessed, or heard about.

How do you think leaders can maintain ethical standards during challenging times, such as economic downturns or crises?

As noted in the text, the concept of affirmative action originated with President Lyndon Johnson's issuance of Executive Order 11246 in 1965, the year after the landmark Civil Rights Act was enacted. While affirmative action has been upheld by courts in a number of cases, it has also been criticized and overturned in a number of decisions. • What are the differences between a judicial (i.e. court-ordered) affirmative action plan and a voluntary affirmative action plan?