What factor(s) are most important in the transition from animmature to a mature gut microbial community?

How do microbes contribute to the nutrition of animals such ashumans and cows?

Compare and contrast the microbial communities that reside in a ruminant with those in a human gut

Coliforms are commonly used as an indicator of drinking water quality. As we discussed, in March and April of 1993 there was a major outbreak of gastrointestinal illness in Milwaukee, Wisconsin caused by contamination in the public drinking water supply.  As summarized by MacKenzie et al.1, “throughout the period from February to April 1993, samples of treated water from both (water treatment) plants were negative for coliforms and were within the limits set by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources for water quality.”  Why, in this case, did coliforms remain at acceptable levels despite water contamination that resulted in over 400,000 cases of gastrointestinal illness?

When the composition of the community of rumen microbesin a ruminant changes, there are several possible causes. Whatare some of them? Could you do experiments to decide what theactual causes are? Explain.

Studies of the deep subsurface have also identifiedheterotrophic populations. What types and sources ofnutrients are available to those organisms?

Describe nitrogen fixation, ammonification, nitrification, and denitrificationand how microbes are involved.

The mouth supports a large microbial community. It's composition is homogeneous across the mouth independent of the specific oral location (cheeks, teeth,.) unique in the different oral microenvironments (cheeks vs teeth,.) O based only two different types of bacteria based only three different types of bacteria

Define the following terms:a. nitrogen fixationb. nitrogenasec. nitrogen assimilationd. amino acid poole. nitrogen cycle

What do you expect to see in successful generating and cleaning up the riboprobes?