What does "virtual machine" imply when describing the context in which a Java class is executed? What distinguishes a C-based system in the real world from this simulated one?

A comprehensive explanation of the differences between procedural and object-oriented programming languages should be provided here.

Java was created to run on a virtual machine, which is different than C++.  The virtual machine has a key advantage, but a tradeoff with a key disadvantage.  Describe the adavantage and the disadvantage of the virtual machine.

What benefits does dynamic programming have?

What does it mean when a Java class's execution environment is referred to as a "virtual machine"? What's the difference between this virtual computer and a real-world C-based system?