What critical developmental process/es are altered following retinoic acid-exposure, which may cause protrusion of the spinal cord through the vertebral arches? Select one or more: A. Primary neurulation, where the neural plate creases inward until the edges come in contact and fuse. OB. Secondary neurulation, where the tube forms by hollowing out of the interior of a solid precursor. C. Regulation of neural crest migration from the neural tube to generate segmental ganglia. D. Abnormal somite formation affecting the development of muscles of the back.

Q: Name some derivatives of the neural crest. Discuss Each.

A:

Q: What proteins are expressed in the roof plate and floor plate of the neural tube? What effects do…

A: There is a rapid induction of different kinds of proteins on different surfaces of proteins which…

Q: Cerebral palsy is a nervous system disorder that is often caused by a lackof oxygen during brain…

A: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a category of conditions that impair an individual's capacity to move and…

Q: The following questions refer to the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII): a)  What are the functions…

A: The facial nerve is the seventh cranial nerve and includes nerve fibers that manage facial motion…

Q: What are the cause of spinal shock and its effect?

A: The spinal cord is a column of nerve tissue that arises from the medulla oblongata to the second…

Q: Describe the attachments of a spinal nerve to the spinal cord.

A: A spinal nerve is a mixed nerve, which carries motor, sensory, and autonomic signals between the…

Q: around where does the spinal cord ends?

A: Spinal cord is a essential part of nervous system. This system is responsible for coordination of…

Q: Explain how the cauda equina arises during development.

A: The cells are the primary unit of life. Based on the number of cells an organism may be unicellular…

Q: Compare the effects of brain tumors in different areas ofthe brain.

A: A tissue lump or mass that is formed when the body cells exhibit abnormal growth and division rate…

Q: Briefly discuss the spinal cord development.

A: Introduction: The spinal cord is a long, thin nervous person that runs from the brainstem downward.…

Q: Is the posterior horn region made up of white or gray matter?

A: Posterior horn of spinal cord, is the section of the spinal cord that receives variety of…

Q: Identify the origin of the glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve in the brain, the foramen through which it…

A: Cranial nerves are pairs of nerves that transmit information from different parts of the head to the…

Q: Identify the origin of the trigeminal (V) nerve in the brain, describe the foramina through which…

A: The trigeminal nerve is the fifth cranial nerve and is represented as CN V. The sensation in the…

Q: Identify the origin of the accessory (XI) nerve in the spinal cord, the foramina through which it…

A: Foramina or foramen is a minute opening through the bone using which crucial anatomical structures…

Q: On what basis is the vagus (X) nerve named?

A: Cranial nerves are one of the part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). They help to establish…

Q: Identify and describe the external features of the spinal cord

A: The central nervous system is comprised of the brain and Spinal cord. The brain mainly controls the…

Q: How is it explained that aperson with the spinal cordsectioned at the cervical levelis still able to…

A: The spinal cord is a thin, long, tube-like structure composed of nervous tissue. It spans from…

Q: What is the explanation for the cervical and lumbar enlargements of the spinal cord?

A: A long tube-like structure that is accountable for body movement is the “spinal cord”. It is…

Q: In what portion of the brain does the hypoglossal nucleus originate?

A: Anatomy and physiology are the branches of biology, anatomy deals with the study of the structure of…

Q: Predict the effects of degeneration of the globus pallidus?

A: Globus pallidus is part of the basal ganglia. It is the oldest part of the corpus striatum and is…

Q: Which spinal nerve branches serve the upper and lower limbs?

A: The most complex part of the body is the brain. The brain controls all voluntary and involuntary…

Q: Identify the origin of the hypoglossal (XII) nerve in the brain, the foramen through which it exits…

A: The nervous system is responsible for coordinating the behaviour and transmitting signals…

Q: Name the structures innervated by the cervical plexus.Describe the makeup of the phrenic nerve.

A: The cervical plexus refers to the anterior rami's plexus that supplies to the region of the neck and…

Q: What are the three meningeal spaces around the spinal cord? Which are actual spaces, and which are…

A: The meninges are the three membranes that surround the brain and backbone and separate them from the…

Q: Briefly discuss the spinal cord development.

A: Introduction The spinal cord is a lengthy bundle of nerves and cells that runs from the base of the…

Q: If the neural folds failed to fuse, what key structures/organs do you believe might be impacted and…

A: In living organisms, the formation and the development of all the cells and tissues got initiated by…

Q: dentify and describe the external features of the spinal cord

A: The spinal cord extends from the base of the brain through a large opening in the skull called the…

Q: Give the names of the 12 cranial nerves.

A: Note - we answer one question at a time.   The cranial nerve is nerve pairs that connect the brain…

Q: What are the different types of fibers and the functions ofcranial nerves II, III, and IX? Describe…

A: In the human body, the nervous system is broadly divided into central and peripheral nervous…

Q: Agenesis of corpus callous is a rear birth defect characterized by a lack of development of the…

A: The human brain is the central organ of the nervous system. Along with the spinal cord it makes up…

Q: 1. How are the ° lacysts or auditory vesicles formed? 2. At this stage of development, qhat cranial…

A: Ear is sensory organ of hearing and helps us to sense sounds  Ear can be divided into three parts --…

Q: Briefly discuss the spinal cord development.

A: The spinal cord is a long, thin bundle of nerves that extends downwards from the brainstem. It…