What are the phenotypes? What is the ratio of those phenotypes?           The phenotypes would be:           (a) Yellow with smooth           (b) Yellow with wrinkled            3:1

1. What are the phenotypes? What is the ratio of those phenotypes?

          The phenotypes would be:

          (a) Yellow with smooth

          (b) Yellow with wrinkled

           3:1

Part 2: Data Tables

Table 1: Parent Genotypes: Monohybrid Crosses

Table 2: Generation Data Produced by Monohybrid Crosses

Part 2: Post-Lab Questions

1. How much genotypic variation do you find in the randomly picked parents of your crosses?
2. How much in the offspring?
3. Pool all of the offspring from your five replicates. How much phenotypic variation do you find?
4. Is the ratio of observed phenotypes the same as the ratio of predicted phenotypes? Why or why not?
5. What is the difference between genes and alleles?
6. How might protein synthesis execute differently if a mutation occurs?
7. Organisms heterozygous for a recessive trait are often called carriers of that trait. What does that mean?
8. In peas, green pods (G) are dominant over yellow pods. If a homozygous dominant plant is crossed with a homozygous recessive plant, what will be the phenotype of the F₁ generation? If two plants from the F₁ generation are crossed, what will the phenotype of their offspring be?

Part 3: Data Tables

Table 3: Parent Genotypes: Dihybrid Crosses

Table 4: Generation Data Produced by Dihybrid Crosses

Part 3: Post-Lab Questions

1. How similar are the observed phenotypes in each replicate?
2. How similar are they if you pool your data from each of the five replicates?
3. Is it closer or further from your prediction?
4. Did the results from the monohybrid or dihybrid cross most closely match your predicted ratio of phenotypes?
5. Based on these results, what would you expect if you were looking at a cross of 5, 10, or 20 independently sorted genes?
6. Why is it so expensive to produce a hybrid plant seed?
7. In certain bacteria, an oval shape (O) is dominant over round (o) and thick cell walls (T) are dominant over thin (t). Show a cross between a heterozygous oval, thick cell walled bacteria with a round, thin cell walled bacteria. What are the phenotypes of the F₁ and F₂ offspring?

Help Please!

Images are for reference only, I need help with the questions above. Thank you.