what are the ingredients in morphine.

How does TNF-alpha cause cell death?  Please answer at your own words.

I need help with the following questions and there are multiple parts and I dont understand! Scientists have recently inserted a gene to create a mouse with an  increased capacity for learning and memory- basically increasing the  mouse’s IQ. Normal, average human IQ is around 100, above that is   considered highly intelligent while an IQ below 70 is considered to indicate  mental disability. In the future, if this treatment could be applied to  humans, it could increase IQ by 30 points.   A couple has a son with Down’s syndrome giving him an IQ of 70. They  want to use the therapy to increase his IQ to 100 in order for him to function  normally. This is considered to be gene therapy, where technology is used  to help a person function better.   A second couple has a son with an IQ of 120. They want to use the  technology to bring his IQ up to 150. They feel he would have a better  chance of getting into a prestigious university. This is called gene  enhancement where technology is…

Discuss why penicillin was called the "miracle drug" when it was first used in the 1940s. Think about it being the first manufactured and distributed antibiotic?  Did we have resistance back then?  Did people once die from simple infections? 3-5 sentences please.