What are renal calculi and what conditions may favor their formation?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
icon
Related questions
Question

What are renal calculi and what conditions may favor their formation?

 

Expert Solution
Step 1

Kidney stone or nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis is a condition when a stone develops in the urinary tract (kidneys, ureter or urethra). Typically they are formed in kidneys and may leave them in the urine stream. The males are more prone to have them because high estrogen, inhibitory effect by estrogen on kidney stones,  high muscle mass favors kidney stone formation. 

Nephrolithiasis is formed primarily from calcium and oxalate salts.  Calcium oxalate forms the The supersaturation of urine with these salts are responsible for the formation. The mechanisms involved in the formation are-

  Nucleation of the crystal structure- There will be a nidus of crystal formed due to supersaturation of urine with the salts like calcium and oxalate.

Crystal growth- The crystals will grow around the nidus causing the crystals of these salts to increase in dimension.

Aggregation and secondary nucleation- This will further increase the dimensions forming kidney stone.

 

steps

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

Blurred answer
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Anatomy and Physiology
ISBN:
9780134580999
Author:
Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:
PEARSON
Anatomy & Physiology
Anatomy & Physiology
Anatomy and Physiology
ISBN:
9781259398629
Author:
McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:
Mcgraw Hill Education,
Human Anatomy
Human Anatomy
Anatomy and Physiology
ISBN:
9780135168059
Author:
Marieb, Elaine Nicpon, Brady, Patricia, Mallatt, Jon
Publisher:
Pearson Education, Inc.,
Anatomy & Physiology: An Integrative Approach
Anatomy & Physiology: An Integrative Approach
Anatomy and Physiology
ISBN:
9780078024283
Author:
Michael McKinley Dr., Valerie O'Loughlin, Theresa Bidle
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (Marieb, Human Anatomy…
Human Anatomy & Physiology (Marieb, Human Anatomy…
Anatomy and Physiology
ISBN:
9780321927040
Author:
Elaine N. Marieb, Katja Hoehn
Publisher:
PEARSON