What are pantothenic acid and biotin? Explain how these molecules are important to cellular metabolism.

Q: What are fatty acids converted to when used to produce cellular energy?

A: Fats and oils can be together called as lipids because they contain the fatty acids. These are one…

Q: How long does the glycogen last?

A: Glycogen is referred to as the biomolecule present within the body tissues. It is a stored form of…

Q: Why are transamination reactions important in both thesynthesis and degradation of amino acids?

A: Transamination reactions are the process by which amino groups and transferred to acceptor keto…

Q: How Are Fatty Acids Broken Down

A: A fatty acid consists of a long aliphatic chain of a lipid-carboxylic group which was found either…

Q: What initial chemical transformation takes place on a fatty acid to activate it for catabolism?

A: Fatty acids are long chains of lipid-carboxylic acid found in fats and oils and in cell membrane as…

Q: How much energy is required to synthesize a saturated C12 fatty acid? How does this compare with the…

A: Fatty acid synthesis occurs in the cytosol of all eukaryotic cells except plants (occurs in…

Q: What are the seven metabolic products produced by thedegradation of amino acids?

A: Introduction Amino acids combine to form proteins. Its basic structure includes an amino group…

Q: Why can’t fatty acids be used to synthesize glucose?

A: Fatty acids refers to a long aliphatic chain of hydrocarbons along with carboxylic acid. It is an…

Q: What are the stages of cellular respiration in which catabolism of sugars, glycerol, fatty acids,…

A: Glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid or Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation are…

Q: Explain the function of brown fat. What does its mechanism imply about the effect of ATP…

A: Brown Fat  Adipose tissues are found under the skin that consists of two types of fats: white fat…

Q: How Is Glycogen Synthesized?

A: The metabolic pathway by which glycogen is synthesized from glucose is referred to as glycogenesis.…

Q: Which of the following transporters is responsible for transporting galactose across the luminal…

A: There will be periods when the concentration of glucose in the gut is lower. When this occurs,…

Q: What are the possible fates of the amino acids from protein catabolism?

A: possible fates of the amino acids from protein catabolism are:

Q: How is acetyl coenzyme A formed?

A: Acetyl coenzyme A is the intermediate of TCA cycle where it is oxidised to carbon dioxide in the…

Q: How much ATP is ultimately generated from each cycle of β-oxidation of a fatty acid?

A: Beta-oxidation is the metabolic process that involves multiple steps by which fatty acid molecules…

Q: How many ATP will be broken down in the complete β-oxidation of this fatty acid?

A: Beta-oxidation is the process of breaking down the long fatty acids into smaller fatty acyl CoA to…

Q: How Are Unsaturated Fatty Acids Oxidized?

A: Unsaturated fatty acids : It is a fatty acid in which there is one or more double bond in the fatty…

Q: Which fatty acids are essential? What are the main sources of these fatty acids?

A: Fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with a long aliphatic chain which is either saturated or…

Q: How is glycogen formed from glucose?

A: The process of the formation of glycogen from glucose is known as glycogenesis. Glycogen is a highly…

Q: What form of activated glucose is used in the biosynthesis ofglycogen by bacteria?

A: Bacteria are member of a large group of unicellular microorganisms. It has cell walls but lack…

Q: What kind of reaction is catalyzed by each of the following enzymes? a. citrate decarboxylase b.…

A: An enzyme is a substance that acts as a catalyst in living organisms, regulating the rate at which…

Q: Andrea was in danger of developing metabolic syndrome. She went on a diet and checked her urine for…

A: Metabolic syndrome also known as X syndrome is a very common disease where the person develops 5…

Q: What are the two pathways of amino acid catabolism? Discuss briefly

A: Amino acids are the constituents/building blocks of proteins. They have an alpha carbon bonded to 4…

Q: How do hormones link fuel availability to fatty acid synthesis and degradation in humans?

A: For proper functioning of the nervous system and all the necessary processes, there is a need to…

Q: What is Deamination and transdeamination ?

A: Removal of an amine group from one molecule and its conversion into ammonia is called deamination.…

Q: What are endorphins, and what is their connection to dietary fat?

A: Endorphins also trigger a positive feeling in the body, similar to that of morphine.

Q: where do fatty acids enter the process of cellular respiration?

A: A fatty acid can be defined as a carboxylic acid with a long aliphatic chain, which is either…

Q: How many NADH and FADH2 will be produced when this fatty acid is completely metabolized?

A: Fatty acid is the product of breakdown of triglycerides and lipids, and now this fatty acid undergo…