What are molecular chaperones and why are they necessary?

Q: What are the factors that cause mutation?

A: Mutation is a spontaneous molecular change in the DNA sequence of a gene. There are different types…

Q: Which of the following would be considered a severe mutation? A) Leucine (Leu) > Lysine (Lys) B)…

A: Amino acids are classified based on their properties like whether they are polar or nonpolar,…

Q: What type of bonding interaction causes stem-loops to form?

A: Stem loop is also known as hairpin loop structure. It is an intramolecular base pairing that…

Q: Explain briefly the hershey-chase experiment?

A: The confirmation that DNA is the genetic material was given by the Hershey-Chase experiment. The…

Q: What is the difference between isologous and heterologous oligomerization?

A: Oligomerization is defined as a chemical process that is made used in order to convert the monomers…

Q: what are Hotspots of mutation?

A: A mutation is an alteration in the genome. This alteration can be of a single nucleotide or a long…

Q: What is molecular complementarity?

A: When the structures of molecules or macromolecules match together in such a way that physical,…

Q: Why do transposons jump?

A: A transposon is defined as a sequence of DNA (gene) that is able to insert itself or make a copy of…

Q: What is a mutation? How does a mutation lead to an altered phenotype? Describe two specific types of…

A: The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of the body. A cell is composed of various cell…

Q: How do base analogs lead to mutations?

A: Base analogues are compounds that have a structure that is substantially close to one of the four…

Q: Why transposons are called jumping genes?

A: A sequence of DNA sequence that has the ability to move or insert itself at a new location in the…

Q: What types of homogenization techniques are available for solubilizing a protein?

A: In the process of slating out, the solubility of the protein reduces due to the highly ionic salt…

Q: What is a point mutation?

A: The genome of an individual determines its identity. It is composed of a unique DNA…

Q: What does supercoiling accomplish?

A: Supercoiling basically refers to the winding of the DNA strand and serves the function of compacting…

Q: What are the factors that cause mutation?

A: A spontaneous molecular alteration in a gene's DNA sequence is known as mutation. There are various…

Q: What is a gene? Provide at least two different definitons and explain.

A: DNA contains gene that has genetic information and passes to the next generation. The functional…

Q: What is a transcriptome, a genome and a proteome. How do they differ and why is the term proteome…

A: Definition: -  A transcriptome is defined as the full range of mRNAs expressed by an organism. A…

Q: What do “Transcription” and “Translation” mean in the context of molecular biology?

A: Molecular biology involves the study of composition, structure and interaction of nucleic acids…

Q: What are the 4 types of mutation?

A: Mutations are the alterations or the changes that occurs in the DNA. Mutagens are the agents that…

Q: What is silent mutation ?

A: A point mutation was the type of mutation which involves in alteration of a single base-pair .where…

Q: What is the name for mobile genetic elements?

A: Mobile genetic elements are a type of genetic material that can move around within a genome, or that…

Q: What is retrotransposons?

A: Transposable elements (TEs) are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences that move from one location to…

Q: What is isosterism and bioisostreism? How does this concept help in biotransformation of different…

A: In biology, drug designing is a major aspect. Drug specificity and effectivity are determined by…

Q: What are paralogs ?

A: When homologs' :  functions are identical (or, more specifically, when they share a specific…

Q: What is point mutation? Give one example.

A: Mutations are the alterations or the changes that occur in the DNA. Mutagens are the agents that are…

Q: What is a forward mutation?

A: Mutations are the sudden heritable changes within a genome of an individual. It changes the DNA…

Q: What Is a Molecular Motor?

A: A motor is a machine that converts energy from one form to another. The converted energy is used to…

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.