Water molecules Dissolved particles Water molecule Sugar molecule HO H,O H,O

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
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Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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Does osmosis occur if a cell is placed in an isotonic solution?

**Osmosis and Solutions: A Visual Guide**

**U-tube Illustration:**

- **Before Osmosis:** 
  - The U-tube is divided by a selectively permeable membrane. On both sides of the U-tube, there are water molecules (small dots) and sugar molecules (larger dots).
  - Water molecules are randomly dispersed, and sugar molecules are more concentrated on the right side.

- **After Osmosis:** 
  - Water has moved from the left to the right side, diluting the concentration of sugar molecules on the right. 
  - The water level is higher on the right side due to osmosis.

**Diagrams on Types of Solutions:**

- **Cell in Isotonic Solution:**
  - Contains equal concentration of water molecules inside and outside the cell.
  - Water molecules move in and out of the cell at the same rate (indicated by bidirectional arrows).
  - No net change in cell size.

- **Cell in Hypotonic Solution:**
  - Higher concentration of water molecules outside the cell.
  - Water enters the cell by osmosis (indicated by arrows pointing inward).
  - Causes the cell to swell.

- **Cell in Hypertonic Solution:**
  - Higher concentration of dissolved particles outside the cell, leading to a lower concentration of water outside.
  - Water leaves the cell by osmosis (indicated by arrows pointing outward).
  - Causes the cell to shrink.

**Summary:**

This visual guide illustrates how osmosis affects cells in various solutions, demonstrating water movement across selectively permeable membranes in isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic conditions. Refer to the U-tube pictures when answering related questions.
Transcribed Image Text:**Osmosis and Solutions: A Visual Guide** **U-tube Illustration:** - **Before Osmosis:** - The U-tube is divided by a selectively permeable membrane. On both sides of the U-tube, there are water molecules (small dots) and sugar molecules (larger dots). - Water molecules are randomly dispersed, and sugar molecules are more concentrated on the right side. - **After Osmosis:** - Water has moved from the left to the right side, diluting the concentration of sugar molecules on the right. - The water level is higher on the right side due to osmosis. **Diagrams on Types of Solutions:** - **Cell in Isotonic Solution:** - Contains equal concentration of water molecules inside and outside the cell. - Water molecules move in and out of the cell at the same rate (indicated by bidirectional arrows). - No net change in cell size. - **Cell in Hypotonic Solution:** - Higher concentration of water molecules outside the cell. - Water enters the cell by osmosis (indicated by arrows pointing inward). - Causes the cell to swell. - **Cell in Hypertonic Solution:** - Higher concentration of dissolved particles outside the cell, leading to a lower concentration of water outside. - Water leaves the cell by osmosis (indicated by arrows pointing outward). - Causes the cell to shrink. **Summary:** This visual guide illustrates how osmosis affects cells in various solutions, demonstrating water movement across selectively permeable membranes in isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic conditions. Refer to the U-tube pictures when answering related questions.
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