Wastewater samples taken from an industrial discharge had the chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations below in mg/L. Determine the (a) arithmetic mean (by hand and spreadsheet), (b) median, (c) mode, and (d) standard deviation (by hand and spreadsheet). COD values: 452, 364, 415, 395

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Wastewater samples taken from an industrial discharge
had the chemical oxygen demand (COD)
concentrations below in mg/L. Determine the (a)
arithmetic mean (by hand and spreadsheet), (b)
median, (c) mode, and (d) standard deviation (by
hand and spreadsheet).
COD values: 452, 364, 415, 395

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Step 1

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COD values in ascending order,

364, 395, 415, 452

Step 2

Arithmetic mean = sum of all the COD value / Number of COD

Arithmetic mean = 364 + 395 + 415 + 452 / 4

Arithmetic mean = 406 .5

b) Median, number of observation = 4 that is an even value therefore,

We will use following formula;

{n/2 th term + (n/2 + 1)th term } / 2

(2nd term + 3rd term) / 2

(395 + 415) / 2

810 / 2

Median = 405

c)

Mean – Median = 1/3(Mean – Mode)

3 Mean – 3 median = Mean – Mode

Mode = 3 Median – 2 Mean

Mode = 3*405 – 2*406.5

Mode = 1215 – 813

Mode = 403

 

 

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