was 5.34 cm. Let Y= the height of 16 to 18-year-old males from 1984 to 1985. Then Y ~ N(162.36, 5.34). The mean height of 20 to 18-year-old males from Chile from 2009 to 2010 was 165 cm with a standard deviation of 5.28 cm. Male heights are known to follow a normal distribution. Let X = the height of a 20 to 18-year-old male from Chile in 2009 to 2010. Then X ~ N(165, 5.28). Find the z-scores for x = 170.58 cm and y = 152.85 cm. Interpret each z-score. What can you say about x = 170.58 cm and y = 152.85 cm as they compare to their respective means and standard deviations?

Definition Definition Measure of central tendency that is the average of a given data set. The mean value is evaluated as the quotient of the sum of all observations by the sample size. The mean, in contrast to a median, is affected by extreme values. Very large or very small values can distract the mean from the center of the data. Arithmetic mean: The most common type of mean is the arithmetic mean. It is evaluated using the formula: μ = 1 N ∑ i = 1 N x i Other types of means are the geometric mean, logarithmic mean, and harmonic mean. Geometric mean: The nth root of the product of n observations from a data set is defined as the geometric mean of the set: G = x 1 x 2 ... x n n Logarithmic mean: The difference of the natural logarithms of the two numbers, divided by the difference between the numbers is the logarithmic mean of the two numbers. The logarithmic mean is used particularly in heat transfer and mass transfer. ln x 2 − ln x 1 x 2 − x 1 Harmonic mean: The inverse of the arithmetic mean of the inverses of all the numbers in a data set is the harmonic mean of the data. 1 1 x 1 + 1 x 2 + ...